Videos
The process whereby a cell’s morphology and function change is called
- a. determination.
- b. cell fate.
- c. differentiation.
- d. genetic engineering.
- e. both a and c.
Introduction: Cell responds to positional information through four processes, namely cell division, cell migration, cell differentiation, and cell death. Cell differentiation is required during the development of the organism in order to ensure the maintenance of proper orientation and morphological form by the organism.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: The morphology and function of a cell change by differentiation. Hence, the correct answer is option c.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
Cell differentiation allows cell to acquire a highly specialized functions permanently. Cell determination, which usually occurs during the earlier stages of development, determines the fate of cells. Followed by, differentiation occurs during the later stages of development in order to ensure the production of various tissues that are found in the fully developed organism. Undifferentiated cells undergo cell differentiation to yield cells that possess a specific structure and function. Hence, the morphology and function of a cell changes by differentiation.
Option c. is given as “differentiation”.
The process by which a cell’s morphology and function change is called differentiation. Hence, the correct answer is option c.
Reasons for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “determination”.
Cell determination is the process by which the fate of cells is determined. A complex interaction of signals, cofactors, and transcriptional factors help in determining the role that each cell will play in the fully developed organism. Cells get committed to become a particular cell type and to play a specific role in the adult organism. This does not lead to changes in morphology or function. By cell determination, only the fate is decided and the cells are still in an undifferentiated state. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as, “cell fate”.
Cell fate refers to the role that particular cells will play in a mature organism. Cell fate is determined by a process called cell determination. Cell fate does not describe a process. This term describes the role that the cells are committed to play in an organism. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as, “genetic engineering”.
Genetic engineering refers to the process of manipulation of the genetic content of an organism artificially. Such modified organisms perform the functions and express the proteins desired by the scientist. Changes may be induced in the morphology and function of cells as a result of genetic engineering, but such changes occur after the gene product has been expressed. Genetic engineering does not directly lead to changes in morphology and function of the cells. Hence, option d. is incorrect.
Option e. is given as, “both a and c”.
Option c. is correct because undifferentiated cells undergo cell differentiation to yield cells with specific structure and function. Hence, the morphology and function of a cell change by differentiation. Cell determination does not lead to changes in the morphology or function. In cell determination process, only the fate is decided and the cells are still in an undifferentiated state. Thus option a. is incorrect. Hence, option e. is incorrect.
Hence, the options a., b., d. and e. are incorrect.
Thus, undifferentiated cells undergo cell differentiation to yield cells having a specific structure and function. Hence, the morphology and function of a cell change by differentiation.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 20 Solutions
BIOLOGY
- Please indentify the unknown organismarrow_forwardPlease indentify the unknown organismarrow_forward5G JA ATTC 3 3 CTIA A1G5 5 GAAT I I3 3 CTIA AA5 Fig. 5-3: The Eco restriction site (left) would be cleaved at the locations indicated by the arrows. However, a SNP in the position shown in gray (right) would prevent cleavage at this site by EcoRI One of the SNPs in B. rapa is found within the Park14 locus and can be detected by RFLP analysis. The CT polymorphism is found in the intron of the Bra013780 gene found on Chromosome 1. The Park14 allele with the "C" in the SNP has two EcoRI sites and thus is cleaved twice by EcoRI If there is a "T" in that SNP, one of the EcoRI sites is altered, so the Park14 allele with the T in the SNP has only one EcoRI site (Fig. 5-3). Park14 allele with SNP(C) Park14 allele with SNPT) 839 EcoRI 1101 EcoRI 839 EcoRI Fig. 5.4: Schematic restriction maps of the two different Park14 alleles (1316 bp long) of B. rapa. Where on these maps is the CT SNP located? 90 The primers used to amplify the DNA at the Park14 locus (see Fig. 5 and Table 3 of Slankster et…arrow_forward
- From your previous experiment, you found that this enhancer activates stripe 2 of eve expression. When you sequence this enhancer you find several binding sites for the gap gene, Giant. To test how Giant interacts with eve, you decide to remove all of the Giant binding sites from the eve enhancer. What results do you expect to see with respect to eve expression?arrow_forwardWhat experiment could you do to see if the maternal gene, bicoid, is sufficient to form anterior fates?arrow_forwardYou’re curious about the effect that gap genes have on the pair-rule gene, evenskipped (eve), so you isolate and sequence each of the eve enhancers. You’re particularly interested in one of the enhancers, which is just upstream of the eve gene. Describe an experimental technique you would use to find out where this particular eve enhancer is active.arrow_forward
- For short answer questions, write your answers on the line provided. To the right is the mRNA codon table to use as needed throughout the exam. First letter U บบบ U CA UUCPhe UUA UCU Phe UCC UUG Leu CUU UAU. G U UAC TV UGCys UAA Stop UGA Stop A UAG Stop UGG Trp Ser UCA UCG CCU] 0 CUC CUA CCC CAC CAU His CGU CGC Leu Pro CCA CAA Gin CGA Arg CUG CCG CAG CGG AUU ACU AAU T AUC lle A 1 ACC Thr AUA ACA AUG Mot ACG AGG Arg GUU GCU GUC GCC G Val Ala GAC Asp GGU GGC GUA GUG GCA GCG GAA GGA Gly Glu GAGJ GGG AACASH AGU Ser AAA1 AAG Lys GAU AGA CAL CALUCAO CAO G Third letter 1. (+7) Use the table below to answer the questions; use the codon table above to assist you. The promoter sequence of DNA is on the LEFT. You do not need to fill in the entire table. Assume we are in the middle of a gene sequence (no need to find a start codon). DNA 1 DNA 2 mRNA tRNA Polypeptide C Val G C. T A C a. On which strand of DNA is the template strand (DNA 1 or 2)?_ b. On which side of the mRNA is the 5' end (left or…arrow_forward3. (6 pts) Fill in the boxes according to the directions on the right. Structure R-C R-COOH OH R-OH i R-CO-R' R R-PO4 R-CH3 C. 0 R' R-O-P-OH 1 OH H R-C-H R-N' I- H H R-NH₂ \H Name Propertiesarrow_forward4. (6 pts) Use the molecule below to answer these questions and identify the side chains and ends. Please use tidy boxes to indicate parts and write the letter labels within that box. a. How many monomer subunits are shown? b. Box a Polar but non-ionizable side chain and label P c. Box a Basic Polar side chain and label BP d. Box the carboxyl group at the end of the polypeptide and label with letter C (C-terminus) H H OHHO H H 0 HHO H-N-CC-N-C-C N-C-C-N-GC-OH I H-C-H CH2 CH2 CH2 H3C-C+H CH2 CH2 OH CH CH₂ C=O OH CH2 NH2arrow_forward
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning