Concept explainers
Videos
The name of the process by which DNA is transferred from one prokaryote to another via a cytoplasmic bridge is
a. conjugation.
b. prokaryotic fission.
c. meiosis.
d. bioremediation.
Introduction:
The prokaryotes reproduce asexually, which means the process of genetic recombination is not possible in these organisms. However, it is noted that the transfer of genetic material from one prokaryote to another is possible in certain species. This process involves the formation of a cytoplasmic bridge.
Answer to Problem 1MC
Correct answer:
Conjugation is the process, by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is transferred from one prokaryote to another via a cytoplasmic bridge.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (a) is given that conjugation is the process, by which DNA is transferred from one prokaryote to another. DNA is the genetic material found in the prokaryotes. The prokaryotes undergo asexual reproduction. Thus, genetic recombination is not possible in the prokaryotes. To overcome this problem, the prokaryotes undergo a process where they can transfer the genetic material from other prokaryotes.
In this process, the plasma membranes of two prokaryotes fuse temporarily. This structure is known as the cytoplasmic bridge. The prokaryotes exchange the genetic material via this structure. It leads to the new combination of genetic material, which helps bacteria to survive under different conditions. This process is known as conjugation. Hence, option (a) is correct.
Explanation for incorrect answers:
Option (b) is given that in prokaryotes, DNA is transferred by the process known as prokaryotic fission. Prokaryotic fission is the process, by which prokaryotes reproduce asexually. However, there is no transfer of the genetic material from one prokaryote to another in this process. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (c) is given that in prokaryotes, DNA is transferred by the process known as meiosis. Meiosis is a cell division process, in which the daughter cells contain half the number of chromosomes as compared to the parent cell. This process is not involved in the transfer of the genetic material from one prokaryote to another. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (d) is given that in prokaryotes, DNA is transferred by the process known as bioremediation. Bioremediation refers to manipulating the environmental conditions to stimulate the breakdown of the pollutants by living organisms. This process does not involve the transfer of the genetic material from one prokaryote to another. So, it is an incorrect option.
Hence, options (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.
Therefore, it can be concluded that in the conjugation process, prokaryotes transfer the genetic material via a cytoplasmic bridge from one prokaryote to another.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 20 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
- There is a patient with breast cancer, after staining the breast tissue with H&E, state the molecular subtype of the tumour extracted. Results of H&E staining are down belowarrow_forwardBiopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics:Two-Compartment Model Instant Absorption Questions Calculate these : a) B1, b) B2, c) hybrid rate constant (1) d) hybrid rate constant (2) e) t1/2,dist f) t1/2,elim g) k10 h) k12 i) k21 j) initial concentration (C0) k) central compartment volume (V1) l) steady-state volume (Vss) m) clearance (CL) AUC (0→10 min) using trapezoidal rule n) AUC (20→30 min) using trapezoidal rule o) AUCtail (AUC360→∞) p) total AUC (using short cut method) q) volume from AUC (VAUC)arrow_forwardUse the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for a propanoic acid solution (CH₂CH₂CO₂H, pK₁ = 4.874) to calculate the quotient [A-]/[HA] at three different pH values. pH = 4.479 [A-] [HA] [A-] pH = 4.874 [HA] = pH = 5.220 [A-] = [HA]arrow_forward
- In order to establish the expiration date of perishable food, growth curve data must be collected. Once the microbial load is so high that it poses a hazard to human health, the food item is no longer considered safe (expired). Generally a load of x50,000 bacteria/gram is considered unsafe. Your task is to determine the microbial growth curves for MicroYo, a new brand of yogurt. The growth is determined by sampling the yogurt and growing the bacterial isolates in broth culture which is then serially diluted by a total of x10,000 and inoculated onto standard petri plates of nutrient agar. The following colony counts are measured: Time (days) MicroYo colony count# 1 1 4 1 12 2 16 20 4 7 What day should you recommend expiring the yogurt (the last possible date before the microbial load is unsafe). 12 4 20 16arrow_forward9. Chicken combs in chickens is an example where you see interactions between genes. See potential genotypes and phenotypes below. Which genotype, when mated to a rose comb chicken, will produce progeny that are 50% walnut comb and 50% pea comb? walnut (RRPP) walnut (RrPP) pea (rrPP) walnut (RRPP) walnut (RrPp) pea (rrPp) rose rose single (RRPP) (Rrpp) (rrpp)arrow_forwardDescribe a compound light microscope and its importance in microbiology (2) examples of at least two microbes viewed under a compound light microscope and their general characteristics (note: the microbes you choose do not need to be the ones outlined in the above tutorial video) and (3) at least one source you used for the information included in your infographic.arrow_forward
- Price of visit Number of visits $700 0 $600 [1 $500 2 $400 3 $300 4 00000 The Table blow gives the demand curve for doctor visits for Elena. If the price of a doctor's visit is $600, and Elena does not have health insurance, she will visit the doctor times. If Elena obtains 50% coinsurance (the company pays 50% of the medical bill, Elena pays 50%), then Elena will visit the doctor times. 1; 2 0; 3 0; 2 1;4 2; 1arrow_forwardP 200 150- 100 50 w/instrance/ w/insurance 2 100 Demand Assume that the white curve (labeled "Demand") represents an individual's true demand for this particular health care service. The coinsurance associated with insurance option 1 (in blue) is likely _. 0000 100% 25% 50% 0%arrow_forwardUse the figure below. Bob and Nancy have the same income and total utility.. willingness to pay for an insurance premium will be lower than because they are. risk- averse. Total utility Current utility Bob's utility Nancy's utility 0000 Bob; Nancy; less Nancy; Bob; less Nancy; Bob; more Bob; Nancy; more Current Income incomearrow_forward
- Consider the figure below. Suppose the true price of a health care service is P1. Suppose further that the individual has obtained insurance that has a fixed copayment for this particular service. The copayment is represented by price P2. represents the quantity of the service the individual would consume without insurance. quantity of the service the individual would consume with the insurance. Health Care Service represents the P. P₂ a Q1;Q2 Q2; Q3 Q1; Q3 Q3; Q1 Q2; Q1 फ f Q ८ g d h Q3\D 7Q 00000arrow_forwardThe table shows the utility Jordan receives at various income levels, but they do not know what their income will be next year. There is a 15% chance their income will be $25,000, a 20% chance their income will be $35,000, and a 65% chance their income will be $45,000. We know that Jordan is Income $25,000 Utility 2,800 30,000 3,200 35,000 3,500 40,000 3,700 45,000 3,800 ☐ none of the above 0 000 risk taker (lover) because their marginal utility of income is increasing risk neutral because their marginal utility of income is constant risk averse because their marginal utility of income is decreasing risk neutral because their marginal utility of income is decreasingarrow_forwardOOOO a d+e d a+b+c Consider the figure below. Suppose the true price of a health care service is P1. Suppose further that the individual has obtained insurance that has a fixed copayment for this particular service. The copayment is represented by price P2. The social loss from moral hazard if the individual has copayment P2 is represented graphically by the area(s): Health Care Service P. a No 4 ८ e g Q2 Q3 Darrow_forward
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...NursingISBN:9781305964792Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy CorreaPublisher:Cengage Learning
Basic Clinical Lab Competencies for Respiratory C...NursingISBN:9781285244662Author:WhitePublisher:Cengage