Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134078779
Author: Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. Oster
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 20, Problem 1.2P
To determine
To define
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Economists use labor-market data to evaluate how well an economy is using its most valuable resource— its people. Two closely watched statistics are the unemployment rate and the employment–population ratio (calculated as the percentage of the adult population that is employed). Explain what happens to each of these in the following scenarios. In your opinion, which statistic is the more meaningful gauge of how well the economy is doing?
Situations
unemployment rate
employment–population ratio
More meaningful one
a. An auto company goes bankrupt and lays off its workers, who immediately start looking for new jobs
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c. Numerous students graduate from college but cannot find work.
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Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
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- Economists use labor-market data to evaluate how well an economy is using its most valuable resource—its people. Two closely watched statistics are the unemployment rate and the employment–population ratio (calculated as the percentage of the adult population that is employed). Indicate what happens to the unemployment rate and the employment–population ratio in each of the following scenarios. Scenario Effect On... Unemployment Rate Employment–Population Ratio An auto company goes bankrupt and lays off its workers, who immediately start looking for new jobs. After an unsuccessful search, some laid-off workers quit looking for new jobs. Numerous students graduate from college and immediately begin new jobs. Advances in health care prolong the lives of many retirees.arrow_forwardUnemployment is a very important topic in macroeconomics. A high unemployment rate means that a lot of individuals willing to work cannot find a job. This is bad for the economy, as some resources (i.e., labour) remain idle. Comment on the effects that being unemployed have on an individual.arrow_forwardDescribe how a rise in the wage rate might cause unemployment.arrow_forward
- The rate of job separations in the economy is 0.013 (1.3 percent) and rate of job finding is 0.25 (25 percent). a) If the economy has 500 workers in the labor force, calculate the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed in the steady state. b) If the rate of job separations is 1 percent, what happens to the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed in the steady state? c) If labor force suddenly increases by 20 workers who are seeking work (and the rate of job separations remains at 1 percent), what is the immediate change in the unemployment rate? What is the new steady-state unemployment rate? Draw a graph on how unemployment rate evolves in time.arrow_forwardSuppose the unemployment rate is 10% this month and there are 20 million officially unemployed people. Since last month's unemployment report, 2 million people found jobs but 4 million unemployed people became discouraged and stopped searching. If there were no other changes in the labor market, what was the unemployment rate last month? Show all work and formulas.arrow_forwardThis question explores the calculation of the unemployment rate. You will be provided some imperfect employment data for four different countries and asked to identify the unemployment rate. Task 1: The population of Asartaland is 95. Of these 95 individuals, 75 are in the labor force and 65 are employed. What is the unemployment rate in Asartaland? Task 2: The population of Millsville is 130. Of these 130 individuals, 90 are in the labor force and 20 are unemployed. What is the unemployment rate in Millsville?arrow_forward
- Between January 2010 and January 2016, U.S. employment increased by 12.1 million workers, but the number of unemployed workers declined by only 7.3 million. How are these numbers consistent with each other? Why might one expect a reduction in the number of people counted as unemployed to be smaller than the increase in the number of people employed?arrow_forwardEconomists use labor-market data to evaluate how well an economy is using its most valuable resource—its people. Two closely watched statistics are the unemployment rate and the employment–population ratio (calculated as the percentage of the adult population that is employed). Indicate what happens to the unemployment rate and the employment–population ratio in each of the following scenarios. Scenario Effect On... UNEMPLOYMENT RATE EMPLOYMENT POPULATION RATION Many previously laid-off workers find jobs in new startup firms as the economy expands. (DECREASE, INCREASE OR STAY THE SAME) (DECREASE, INCREASE OR STAY THE SAME) After an unsuccessful search, some laid-off workers decide to go back to school as full-time students. (DECREASE, INCREASE OR STAY THE SAME) (DECREASE, INCREASE OR STAY THE SAME) As a result of an economic boom, many students drop out of school and start working as soon as they become adults. (DECREASE,…arrow_forwardEconomists use labour-market data to evaluate how well an economy is using its most valuable resource— its people. Two closely watched statistics are the unemployment rate and the employment-population ratio. Explain what happens to each of these in the following scenarios. In your opinion, which statistic is the more meaningful gauge of how well the economy is doing? a. An auto company goes bankrupt and lays off its workers, who immediately start looking for new jobs. b. After an unsuccessful search, some of the laid-off workers quit looking for new jobs. c. Numerous students graduate from college but cannot find work. d. Numerous students graduate from college and immediately begin new jobs. e. A stock market boom induces newly enriched 60-year-old workers to take early retirement. f. Advances in healthcare prolong the life of many retireesarrow_forward
- How does the amount of unemployment created by an increase in the minimum wage depend on the elasticity of labor demand? Do you think an increase in the minimum wage will have a greater unemployment effect in the fast-food industry or in the lawn-care/landscaping industry?arrow_forwardIn 1929 the US had an unemployment rate of approximately 3.2%, or 1.6 million people unemployed, yet most economists suggest we were at full employment. What do economists mean by "full employment"?arrow_forwardSuppose the economy is in a recession and the unemployment rate is exceptionally high. Show that a technological breakthrough that greatly increases labor productivity could help reduce the unemployment rate without hurting the standard of living of the average worker. (Use diagram and analysis, you only need to use the labor market here.)arrow_forward
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