Essentials of Biology
Essentials of Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780078024221
Author: Sylvia S. Mader Dr., Michael Windelspecht
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 2, Problem S1.1BYB
Summary Introduction

To determine:

The basic characteristics of all living organisms.

Introduction:

Both the living and non-living are made up of elements and molecules. There are certain characteristics which help to determine the difference between the living and non-living.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

There are 7 characteristics unique to the living organisms, which are described below:

  1. Nutrition: The living things obtain material from the environment they live in, in order to perform various metabolic processes and growth.
  2. Respiration: All living organism perform the process of respiration. In this process, they release the energy by breaking down the food substances. This energy is used to carry out different processes.
  3. Movement/ locomotion: All living things can move themselves.
  4. Response to stimulus: Living organism can sense and respond to the different stimulus, such as light, temperature, chemical substances etc.
  5. Reproduction: All the living organism reproduce and give rise to offspring similar to them. They pass the genetic information, which code for all the characteristics of the organism.
  6. Growth: The growth is observed in living organism, the multicellular organism grows by increase in cell size and cell count and the unicellular organism grow by increasing their cell size.
  7. Excretion: All living organisms produce some metabolic wastes, which needs to be excreted out of their body.
Conclusion

The basic characteristics of the living organisms are respiration, locomotion, obtaining nutrition, response to stimulus, reproduction, growth, and excretion.

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