AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY TECH MANUAL
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781337794220
Author: ERJAVEC
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 2, Problem 8MC
Which of the following would not be considered a soft skill?
- Enjoying solving puzzles or problems
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1. Liquid heptane is stored in a 100,000-L storage vessel that is vented directly to air. The
heptane is stored at 25°C and 1 atm pressure. The liquid is drained from the storage
vessel and all that remains in the vessel is the air saturated with heptane vapor.
a. Is the vapor in the storage vessel flammable?
b. What is the TNT equivalent for the vapor remaining in the vessel?
c. If the vapor explodes, what is the overpressure 50 m from the vessel?
d. What damage can be expected at 50 m?
2. You have decided to use a vacuum purging technique to purge oxygen from a reactor
vessel to reduce the concentration to 2.0% (mol). The reactor is 18 ft diameter and 40 ft
tall. The temperature is 80°F. Assume that the vacuum purge goes from atmospheric
pressure to 10.0 psia. How many purge cycles are required and how many total moles of
nitrogen must be used? Assume the purge is done with pure nitrogen.
3. If the purging described in problem 2 takes place using nitrogen that has 1% (mol)
oxygen in it, how many vacuum purge cycles are required? How many total moles of the
inert gas must be used?
4. If the purging described in problem 2 is done by way of a "sweep-through" purge instead
of a vacuum purge, for how long (in minutes) must the inert gas flow through the vessel
if there is a 20 psig supply of pure nitrogen available at 150 CFM (ft³/min)? How much
nitrogen must be used (lbm)?
5. Look at Figure 7-14. Determine the voltage developed between the steel nozzle and the
grounded vessel, and how much energy is stored in the nozzle. Explain the potential
hazards for cases A and B from the following table:
Case A
Case B
Hose length (ft)
75
75
Hose diameter (in)
2.0
2.0
Flow rate (gpm)
30
30
Liquid conductivity (mho/cm)
2x10-8
1x10-14
Dielectric constant
2.3
25
Density (g/cm³)
0.8
0.9
6. In Problem 5, case B, what would be the most effective way to reduce the potential
hazards in this situation?
Chapter 2 Solutions
AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY TECH MANUAL
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- You have been tasked with figuring out how to suppress changes in the supply flow rate to a reactorfor which it is desired to keep the inlet flow rate as constant as possible. You are considering designing a surgetank to place upstream of the reactor and then installing a pump on the line between that surge tank and thereactor. A surge tank is one with a weir inside it, which is a partial wall separating the tank volume into twoconnected sections allowing for flow under the weir between the two sections. The variable inlet mass flow,wi(t) flows into volume 1 and then flows due to hydrostatic pressure at a mass flow rate of w1(t) into volume 2.The weir causes a flow resistance, R1, such that w1 = (h1-h2)/R1. Fluid is then pumped out of volume 2 at thedesired constant mass flow rate of w2. Make a summary table of the three transfer functions written in standard form and their keyparameters (gains, time constants) in terms of the physical system parameters (A1, A2, , A, R…). Checkif/how…arrow_forwardThe vapor pressure of Toluene at 50°C in Pa? Find it on perry's chemical engineering handbook 9th or 8th editionarrow_forwardHydrogen (H₂) is considered a clean energy carrier. For its use as a fuel, hydrogen is stored at 5 bar insidea cylindrical tank made of nickel (Ni) with 7 cm inner diameter, 1.2 mm thickness, and the length of L. Thetank is maintained at 358 K. Unfortunately, a small amount of hydrogen diffuses out of the tank, slowlydepleting its contents. You may assume that the hydrogen pressure outside the tank is essentially zero andconvective resistance inside and outside of the cylinder is negligible.• Solubility of H2 in Ni at 358 K = 0.00901 kmol/m3·bar• DH2, Ni at 358 K = 1.2 x 10-12 m2/sCalculate the maximum length of the nickel tank wall to ensure that the hydrogen loss does not exceed0.01 kg per year.arrow_forward
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