AUDITING-TEXT (LOOSELEAF)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337619462
Author: JOHNSTONE
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 2, Problem 7CYBK
To determine
Introduction:Opportunity is referred as situations that increases the opportunity for a perpetrator to commit fraud and reduces the risk of getting caught. Weakness in internal controls and complex transactions are the basic factors which increases the opportunity to commit fraud.
To identify:The option that represent an opportunity to commit fraud.
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Which of the following is not a purpose of internal controls?
Guarantee profits
Protect assets
Adherence to company policies
Make fraud more difficult
Accurate accounting records
Explain the three special characteristics of management fraud:
a. The fraud is perpetrated at levels of management above the one to which internal control structures generally relate.
b. The fraud frequently involves using the financial statements to create an illusion that an entity is healthier and more prosperous than, in fact, it is.
c. If the fraud involves misappropriation of assets, it frequently is shrouded in a maze of complex business transactions, often involving related third parties.
Please provide me a correct and clear explanations. Thank you!
Jj.
Chapter 2 Solutions
AUDITING-TEXT (LOOSELEAF)
Ch. 2 - The Great Salad Oil Swindle of 1963 is an asset...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 3CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 4CYBKCh. 2 - The three elements of the fraud triangle include...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 7CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 8CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 9CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 10CYBK
Ch. 2 - Prob. 11CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 12CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 13CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 14CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 15CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 16CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 17CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 18CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 19CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 20CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 21CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 22CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 23CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 24CYBKCh. 2 - Prob. 1RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 2RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 3RQSCCh. 2 - Refer to Exhibit 2.1 a. What is a Ponzi scheme? b....Ch. 2 - Prob. 5RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 6RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 7RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 8RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 9RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 10RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 11RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 12RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 13RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 14RQSCCh. 2 - Many consider the Enron fraud to be one of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 17RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 18RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 19RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 20RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 21RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 22RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 23RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 24RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 25RQSCCh. 2 - Prob. 26FFCh. 2 - Prob. 27FFCh. 2 - Prob. 28FF
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- Which of the following would a fraudster perceive as a pressure? A. lack of management oversight B. everyone does it C. living beyond ones means D. lack of an internal audit functionarrow_forwardAccounting fraud is the intentional manipulation of financial statements to create a false appearance of corporate financial health. What necessary actions to use to avoid accounting fraud.arrow_forwardWhich of the following actions did the Treadway Commission recommend to reduce fraudulent financial reporting? Establish financial incentives that promote integrity in the financial reporting process. Identify and understand the factors that lead to fraudulent financial reporting. Assess the risk of corruption and misappropriation of assets within the company. Design and implement internal controls to provide reasonable assurance of preventing fraudulent financial reporting.arrow_forward
- Which is NOT a source of fraud risk (from the Fraud Triangle)? a) Fraud Tip Hotline b) Perceived Opportunity c) Rationalization d) Financial Pressurearrow_forwardPrudential regulation is generally seen to deal with: a. Systematic risks in the financial sector. b. The inherent risks of the profit seeking motive of a Financial Institution. c. Prudential breaches by the Financial Institution. d. The systemic risks that a Financial Institution can pose if its failure can easily lead to the failure of other financial institutions.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following is not an objective of a system of internal controls? Select one: 1. Overstate liabilities in order to be conservative 2. Enhance the accuracy and reliability of accounting records 3. Safeguard company assets 4. Reduce the risks of errorsarrow_forward
- Question 1 (i) Which of the following will NOT be a likely ground to blow the whistle?A. When there are serious breaches of company rules and regulationsB. When somebody feels personally aggrievedC. When there are threats to human safetyD. When there are serious concerns about a possible fraud (ii) Which of the following is not an example of internal control risk?A. Risks of errors or fraud in accounting systems and accounting and finance activities.B. Risks that important laws and regulations will not be complied with properly.C. Risks that arise in the business environment and markets in which the company operatesD. The risk of losses resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems or external events. (iii) Which of the following is NOT a statutory duty of a director?A. Duty to disclose any money received in connection of a transfer of company property.B. Duty to exercise due diligence in their work C. Duty to contribute an appropriate sum of money to the…arrow_forwardThe following scenarios are taken from actual fraud cases. For each scenario, categorize as primarily indicating (A) An incentive to commit fraud (B) An opportunity to commit fraud or (C) a rationalization for committing fraud. State your reason for your answer in each scenario. 1. Top management of the company closely guards internal financial information, to the extent that even some employees on a "need to know basis" are denied full access.arrow_forwardWhich of the following combinations is a good way to conceal employee fraud but an ineffective means of perpetrating management (financial reporting) fraud?a. Overstating sales revenue and overstating customer accounts receivable balances.b. Overstating sales revenue and overstating bad debt expense. c. Understating interest expense and understating accrued interest payable.d. Omitting the disclosure information about related-party sales to the president’s relatives at below-market prices.arrow_forward
- One of the typical characteristics of management fraud isa. Falsification of documents in order to misappropriate funds from an employer.b. Victimization of investors through the use of materially misleading financialstatements.c. Illegal acts committed by management to evade laws and regulations.d. Conversion of stolen inventory to cash deposited in a falsified bank account.arrow_forwardGive an example of how a CFO or Controller can fraudulently manipulate financial statements through the use of journal entries. Separately, give an example of a financial reporting practice that is subject to management estimates e.g. fair value measurements of assets, goodwill, transfer pricing - and discuss internal controls that can reduce the opportunities for unethical behavior.arrow_forwardThere are two common causes of business and accounting fraud:• A failure of individual character• A culture of greed or ethical indifference within an organizationWrite a brief memo describing how these two factors could lead to accountingfraud.arrow_forward
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