One July, the U.S sold aircraft worth $1 billion to China and bought aircraft worth only $19,000 from China. During the same month, however, the U.S bought $83 million worth of men’s trousers, slacks, and jeans from China but sold only $8,000 worth of trousers, slacks, and jeans to China. Using what you have learned about how trade is determined by comparative advantage , answer the following questions. (a) Which country has a comparative advantage in aircraft production and in production of trousers, slacks and jeans? (b) Which country has an absolute advantage in aircraft production and in production of trousers, slacks and jeans? Concept Introduction: Opportunity Cost : It is the cost of next best alternative activity. For example, A farmer can produce wheat, rice, and corn in his field and earns a profit of $100, $200 and $300 per month respectively. Then farmer will choose to grow corn in his field because he will get maximum profit by growing corn. So, the opportunity cost of growing corn will be $200 because the best alternative activity is growing rice because it will give him $200 per month. Comparative Advantage: When one country produces the good at lower opportunity cost than the other country, then the country that has produced the good at lower opportunity cost is said to have a comparative advantage in the production of that good. Absolute Advantage: It refers to the ability of a country to produce the same good with same resources at lower cost.

Question

3. Consider a course allocation problem with strict and non-responsive preferences. Isthere a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof? If so, state the mechanismand show that it satisfies efficiency and strategyproofness. {hint serial dictatorship and show using example}4. Consider a course allocation problem with responsive preferences and at least 3students. Is there a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof that is not theSerial Dictatorship? If so, state the mechanism and show that it satisfies efficiencyand strategyproofness.5. Suggest a mechanism for allocating students to courses in a situation where preferences are non-responsive, and study its properties (efficiency and strategyproofness). Please be creative

Answer 1

Question

Definition Video Definition Ability of a country to produce goods and services at a lower opportunity cost compared to other countries. Here, opportunity cost refers to the forgone units of one good in order to produce one more unit of another good. For example, the opportunity cost of producing good X in country A is 2Y and in country B is 1.25Y. Country B has a lower opportunity cost of producing good X than country A. Therefore, country B has a comparative advantage in the production of good X. Video

Chapter 2, Problem 4P

To determine

One July, the U.S sold aircraft worth $1 billion to China and bought aircraft worth only $19,000 from China. During the same month, however, the U.S bought $83 million worth of men’s trousers, slacks, and jeans from China but sold only $8,000 worth of trousers, slacks, and jeans to China. Using what you have learned about how trade is determined by comparative advantage, answer the following questions.

(a)
Which country has a comparative advantage in aircraft production and in production of trousers, slacks and jeans?
(b)
Which country has an absolute advantage in aircraft production and in production of trousers, slacks and jeans?
Concept Introduction:

Opportunity Cost:

It is the cost of next best alternative activity. For example, A farmer can produce wheat, rice, and corn in his field and earns a profit of $100, $200 and $300 per month respectively. Then farmer will choose to grow corn in his field because he will get maximum profit by growing corn. So, the opportunity cost of growing corn will be $200 because the best alternative activity is growing rice because it will give him $200 per month.

Comparative Advantage:

When one country produces the good at lower opportunity cost than the other country, then the country that has produced the good at lower opportunity cost is said to have a comparative advantage in the production of that good.

Absolute Advantage:

It refers to the ability of a country to produce the same good with same resources at lower cost.

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3. Consider a course allocation problem with strict and non-responsive preferences. Isthere a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof? If so, state the mechanismand show that it satisfies efficiency and strategyproofness. {hint serial dictatorship and show using example}4. Consider a course allocation problem with responsive preferences and at least 3students. Is there a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof that is not theSerial Dictatorship? If so, state the mechanism and show that it satisfies efficiencyand strategyproofness.5. Suggest a mechanism for allocating students to courses in a situation where preferences are non-responsive, and study its properties (efficiency and strategyproofness). Please be creative

3. Consider a course allocation problem with strict and non-responsive preferences. Isthere a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof? If so, state the mechanismand show that it satisfies efficiency and strategyproofness. {hint serial dictatorship}4. Consider a course allocation problem with responsive preferences and at least 3students. Is there a mechanism that is efficient and strategy-proof that is not theSerial Dictatorship? If so, state the mechanism and show that it satisfies efficiencyand strategyproofness.5. Suggest a mechanism for allocating students to courses in a situation where preferences are non-responsive, and study its properties (efficiency and strategyproofness). Please be creative

2. a) Consider a market where one firm (firm 1) currently produces, but a second firm (firm 2) is intending to enter and sell an identical product. The market has inverse demand given by p = 40 – Q, where Q is the total output sold in the market. Firm 1 has a marginal cost of 16 and firm 2 has a marginal cost of c < 16, with no fixed cost for either firm. Firm 2 has a choice of competing on price or quantity, with firms making their choices simultaneously (i.e. the market will be either a Bertrand or Cournot duopoly). If you were advising firm 2 on entering this market, how would you advise it to compete? To what extent would the size of firm 2’s cost advantage affect your advice? b) Now assume that firm 2 is aware that other firms are considering entering the market, so the market may over time change from a duopoly to an oligopoly with more than two firms. This would not change the nature of competition (i.e. any additional firms would set price or quantity in line with the first…

Answer 2

Question

Definition Video Definition Ability of a country to produce goods and services at a lower opportunity cost compared to other countries. Here, opportunity cost refers to the forgone units of one good in order to produce one more unit of another good. For example, the opportunity cost of producing good X in country A is 2Y and in country B is 1.25Y. Country B has a lower opportunity cost of producing good X than country A. Therefore, country B has a comparative advantage in the production of good X. Video

Chapter 2, Problem 4P

To determine

One July, the U.S sold aircraft worth $1 billion to China and bought aircraft worth only $19,000 from China. During the same month, however, the U.S bought $83 million worth of men’s trousers, slacks, and jeans from China but sold only $8,000 worth of trousers, slacks, and jeans to China. Using what you have learned about how trade is determined by comparative advantage, answer the following questions.

(a)
Which country has a comparative advantage in aircraft production and in production of trousers, slacks and jeans?
(b)
Which country has an absolute advantage in aircraft production and in production of trousers, slacks and jeans?
Concept Introduction:

Opportunity Cost:

It is the cost of next best alternative activity. For example, A farmer can produce wheat, rice, and corn in his field and earns a profit of $100, $200 and $300 per month respectively. Then farmer will choose to grow corn in his field because he will get maximum profit by growing corn. So, the opportunity cost of growing corn will be $200 because the best alternative activity is growing rice because it will give him $200 per month.

Comparative Advantage:

When one country produces the good at lower opportunity cost than the other country, then the country that has produced the good at lower opportunity cost is said to have a comparative advantage in the production of that good.

Absolute Advantage:

It refers to the ability of a country to produce the same good with same resources at lower cost.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Video Definition Ability of a country to produce goods and services at a lower opportunity cost compared to other countries. Here, opportunity cost refers to the forgone units of one good in order to produce one more unit of another good. For example, the opportunity cost of producing good X in country A is 2Y and in country B is 1.25Y. Country B has a lower opportunity cost of producing good X than country A. Therefore, country B has a comparative advantage in the production of good X. Video

Chapter 2, Problem 4P

To determine

One July, the U.S sold aircraft worth $1 billion to China and bought aircraft worth only $19,000 from China. During the same month, however, the U.S bought $83 million worth of men’s trousers, slacks, and jeans from China but sold only $8,000 worth of trousers, slacks, and jeans to China. Using what you have learned about how trade is determined by comparative advantage, answer the following questions.

(a)
Which country has a comparative advantage in aircraft production and in production of trousers, slacks and jeans?
(b)
Which country has an absolute advantage in aircraft production and in production of trousers, slacks and jeans?
Concept Introduction:

Opportunity Cost:

It is the cost of next best alternative activity. For example, A farmer can produce wheat, rice, and corn in his field and earns a profit of $100, $200 and $300 per month respectively. Then farmer will choose to grow corn in his field because he will get maximum profit by growing corn. So, the opportunity cost of growing corn will be $200 because the best alternative activity is growing rice because it will give him $200 per month.

Comparative Advantage:

When one country produces the good at lower opportunity cost than the other country, then the country that has produced the good at lower opportunity cost is said to have a comparative advantage in the production of that good.

Absolute Advantage:

It refers to the ability of a country to produce the same good with same resources at lower cost.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Video Definition Ability of a country to produce goods and services at a lower opportunity cost compared to other countries. Here, opportunity cost refers to the forgone units of one good in order to produce one more unit of another good. For example, the opportunity cost of producing good X in country A is 2Y and in country B is 1.25Y. Country B has a lower opportunity cost of producing good X than country A. Therefore, country B has a comparative advantage in the production of good X. Video

Chapter 2, Problem 4P

To determine