Chapter 2, Problem 38DAP

(a)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which a switchable surfactant is used to clean up and then recover the oil from an oil spill.

Introduction:

The hydrophobic molecules repel water, while they are more soluble in oil than water. The water is a universal solvent, but the nonpolar substances are not soluble in water. This makes very difficult to wash oily dishes and mixing of both water and oil phase. The amphipathic compounds include surfactants that are used to suspend or mix the two phases together for various applications.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: Which side will the equilibrium shift when the given pK_a of amidinium ion is 12.4.

Introduction:

The hydrophobic molecules repel water, while they are more soluble in oil than water. The water is a universal solvent but the nonpolar substances are not soluble in water. This makes very difficult to wash oily dishes and mixing of both water and oil phase. The amphipathic compounds include surfactants that are used to suspend or mix the two phases together for various applications.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The reason behind the amidinium form of s-surf is a powerful surfactant and the amidine form is not powerful.

Introduction:

The hydrophobic molecules repel water, while they are more soluble in oil than water. The water is a universal solvent but the nonpolar substances are not soluble in water. This makes very difficult to wash oily dishes and mixing of both water and oil phase. The amphipathic compounds include surfactants that are used to suspend or mix the two phases together for various applications.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The form in which there is majority of s-surf in point A and point B.

Introduction:

The hydrophobic molecules repel water, while they are more soluble in oil than water. The water is a universal solvent but the nonpolar substances are not soluble in water. This makes very difficult to wash oily dishes and mixing of both water and oil phase. The amphipathic compounds include surfactants that are used to suspend or mix the two phases together for various applications.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The reason behind the rise of electrical conductivity from time $0$ at point A.

Introduction:

The hydrophobic molecules repel water, while they are more soluble in oil than water. The water is a universal solvent but the nonpolar substances are not soluble in water. This makes very difficult to wash oily dishes and mixing of both water and oil phase. The amphipathic compounds include surfactants that are used to suspend or mix the two phases together for various applications.

(f)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The reason behind the fall of electrical conductivity from point A to point B.

Introduction:

The hydrophobic molecules repel water, while they are more soluble in oil than water. The water is a universal solvent but the nonpolar substances are not soluble in water. This makes very difficult to wash oily dishes and mixing of both water and oil phase. The amphipathic compounds include surfactants that are used to suspend or mix the two phases together for various applications.

(g)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The use of “s-surf” to clean up and recover the oil from an oil spill.

Introduction:

The hydrophobic molecules repel water, while they are more soluble in oil than water. The water is a universal solvent but the nonpolar substances are not soluble in water. This makes very difficult to wash oily dishes and mixing of both water and oil phase. The amphipathic compounds include surfactants that are used to suspend or mix the two phases together for various applications.