Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The structural formulas for each of the given compound are to be written.
Concept introduction:
Mostly, organic compounds are represented by bond line structural formulas.
In bond line formula, each bond is represented by a line.
At the end of each line, if no any atom is shown, then a carbon atom is present.
In bond line formula, each bond is represented by a line.
At the end of each line, if no any atom is shown, then a carbon atom is present.
If the carbon atom attached to the halogen is attached to only one carbon atom, then the
If the carbon atom attached to the halogen is attached to two other carbon atoms, then the alkyl halide is a secondary alkyl halide.
If the carbon atom attached to the halogen is attached to three other carbon atoms, then the alkyl halide is a tertiary alkyl halide.
If the carbon atom attached to the hydroxyl group is attached to only one carbon atom, then the alcohol is a primary alcohol.
If the carbon atom attached to the hydroxyl group is attached to two other carbon atoms, then the alcohol is a secondary alcohol.
If the carbon atom attached to the hydroxyl group is attached to three other carbon atoms, then the alcohol is a tertiary alcohol.
If the nitrogen atom is attached to the only one organic group, then the
If the nitrogen atom is attached to two organic groups, then the amine is classified as a secondary amine.
If the nitrogen atom is attached to three organic groups, then the anime is classified as a tertiary amine.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 2 Solutions
Organic Chemistry, 12e Study Guide/Student Solutions Manual
- TRUE OR FALSE (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one —OH group, a secondary alcohol has two —OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three —OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N. (f) Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters all contain a carbonyl group. (g) A compound with the molecular formula of C3H6O may be either an aldehyde, a ketone, or a carboxylic acid. (h) Bond angles about the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde, a ketone, a carboxylic acid, and an ester are all approximately 109.5°. (i) The molecular formula of the smallest aldehyde is C3H6O, and that of the smallest ketone is also C3H6O. (j) The molecular formula of the smallest carboxylic…arrow_forward(a) What structural feature is associated with each type of hydrocarbon: alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, and alkyne?(b) Give the general formula for each type.(c) Which hydrocarbons are considered saturated?arrow_forwardWrite Lewis structures and describe the molecular geometry at each carbon atom in the following compounds:(a) cis-3-hexene(b) cis-1-chloro-2-bromoethene(c) 2-pentyne(d) trans-6-ethyl-7-methyl-2-octenearrow_forward
- MTBE, Methyl tert-butyl ether, CH3OC(CH3)3, is used as an oxygen source in oxygenated gasolines. MTBE is manufactured by reacting 2-methylpropene with methanol.(a) Using Lewis structures, write the chemical equation representing the reaction.(b) What volume of methanol, density 0.7915 g/mL, is required to produce exactly 1000 kg of MTBE, assuming a 100% yield?arrow_forwardA saturated alkanol X has the relative molecular mass of 74.0. (a) Give the general formula of alkanol. (b)(i) Deduce the molecular formula of X. (Relative atomic mass of C=12, H=1, O=16) (c)(i) X is optically active. Draw the two enantiomers of X. (ii) Name X.arrow_forward3 (a) Give the structural formulae of all the chain isomers of C5H12. (b) Give two position isomers of the molecule that has the following molecular formula: C-H₁0 (c) Give the two functional group isomers having the molecular formula: C₂H₂Oarrow_forward
- (a) The compound given below had the following IUPAC name and structural formula dibromocyclopentane C3H6CHBrCHBr (i) What type of isomerism is possible in the organic compound? (ii) Draw all the pairs of possible isomers and name them.arrow_forwardTrue or false: (a) The C¬C bonds in benzene are all the samelength and correspond to typical single C¬C bond lengths.(b) The C¬C bond in acetylene, HCCH, is longer than theaverage C¬C bond length in benzene.arrow_forwardWrite structural formulas for compounds that meet the following descriptions:(a) An alkene, C6H12, that cannot have cis–trans isomersand whose longest chain is 5 carbons long(b) An alkene with a chemical formula of C10H12 that hascis–trans isomers and contains a benzene ring.arrow_forward
- Acetylene is a very weak acid; however, it will react with moist silver(I) oxide and form water and a compound composed of silver and carbon. Addition of a solution of HCl to a 0.2352-g sample of the compound of silver andcarbon produced acetylene and 0.2822 g of AgCl.(a) What is the empirical formula of the compound of silver and carbon?(b) The production of acetylene on addition of HCl to the compound of silver and carbon suggests that the carbon is present as the acetylide ion, C22− . Write the formula of the compound showing the acetylide ion.arrow_forward(a) Give the empirical formula and structural formula fora cyclic ether containing four carbon atoms in the ring.(b) Write the structural formula for a straight-chain compoundthat is a structural isomer of your answer to part (a).arrow_forward(a) What is meant by the term isomer ? (b) Among the four alkanes, ethane, propane, butane, and pentane, which is capable of existing in isomeric forms?arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY