Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923605
Author: Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 35P
Explain the terms Insulator and breakdown strength.
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Crystallographic planes
Crystallographic planes are denoted by Miller indices.
5b
Algorithm for Miller indices
1. Read off intercepts of plane with axes in
terms of a, b, c
2. Take reciprocals of intercepts
3. Reduce to smallest integer values
4. Enclose in parentheses, no commas.
353
1/3 1/5 1/3
535
(535)
In the cubic system, a plane and a
direction with the same indices are
orthogonal. E.g. [100] direction is
perpendicular to (100) plane.
Correspondingly, [123] direction is
perpendicular to (123) plane.
[2,3,3]
Plane intercepts axes at 3a, 2b, 2c
2
11 1
Reciprocal numbers are:
3'2'2
b.
Indices of the plane (Miller): (2,3,3)
2
a
Indices of the direction: [2,3,3]
X
(200)
(100)
(110)
(111)
(100)
Indices of crystallographic plane can be found from cross product of indices of
any two non-parallel directions in this plane.
Crystallographic positions
Crystallographic position
is denoted by three
numbers, which are
coefficients of the
position vector, e.g. ½½½
for the red atom.
Here the 'new' atom is at a/2 + b/2 + c/2
Silicon crystal has so-called "diamond type lattice".
Each Si atom has 4 nearest neighbors.
Diamond lattice starts with a FCC lattice and then
adds four additional INTERNAL atoms at locations
r = a/4+b/4+c/4 away from each of the atoms. In
other words, diamond lattice is formed by two FCC
lattices sifted by the vector r.
find the answers for this prelab
Chapter 2 Solutions
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Ch. 2 - The numbers of orbiting electrons in aluminum and...Ch. 2 - Find the force of attraction in newtons between...Ch. 2 - Find the force of repulsion in newtons between Q1...Ch. 2 - Plot the force of attraction (in newtons) versus...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5PCh. 2 - Determine the distance between two charges of 20 C...Ch. 2 - Prob. 7PCh. 2 - 8. What is the voltage between two points if 1.2 J...Ch. 2 - If the potential difference between two points is...Ch. 2 - Find the charge in coulombs that requires 200J of...
Ch. 2 - How much charge passes through a radio battery of...Ch. 2 - How much energy in electron volts is required to...Ch. 2 - Find the current m amperes if 96 mC of charge pass...Ch. 2 - If 312 C of charge pass through a wire in 2 min,...Ch. 2 - If a current of 40 mA exists for 1.2 min, how many...Ch. 2 - How many coulombs of charge pass through a lamp in...Ch. 2 - If the current in a conductor is constant at 2 mA,...Ch. 2 - If 21.84710+18 electrons pass through a wire in 12...Ch. 2 - How many electrons pass through a conductor in 5...Ch. 2 - Will a fuse rated at 1 A blow if 86 C pass through...Ch. 2 - If 0.8410+16 electrons pass through a wire in 60...Ch. 2 - Which would you prefer? A penny for every electron...Ch. 2 - If a conductor with a current of 200 mA passing...Ch. 2 - Charge is flowing through a conductor at the rate...Ch. 2 - The potential difference between two points in an...Ch. 2 - What current will a battery with an Ah rating of...Ch. 2 - What is the Ah rating of a battery that can...Ch. 2 - For how many hours will a battery with an Ah...Ch. 2 - A standard 12 V car battery has an ampere-hour...Ch. 2 - Prob. 30PCh. 2 - What is the percentage loss in ampere-hour rating...Ch. 2 - Using the graph of Fig. 2.27, how much longer can...Ch. 2 - A portable television using a 12 V, 3 Ah...Ch. 2 - Discuss two properties of the atomic structure of...Ch. 2 - Explain the terms Insulator and breakdown...Ch. 2 - List three uses of insulators not mentioned in...Ch. 2 - Using Table 2.2, determine the level of applied...Ch. 2 - What is a semiconductor? How does it compare with...Ch. 2 - Consult a semiconductor electronics text and note...Ch. 2 - What are the significant differences in the way...Ch. 2 - Compare analog and digital scales: Which are you...
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- Q2: (30 Marks) Design a DC/DC converter that produce output waveforms that shown in figures below from a fixed DC source of 20 volts. Vo (Volt) 14.1 IL (Amp) 13.9 2.25 1.75 † (msec) Output voltage 0.18 0.2 t (msec) L 0.214 0.22 Output currentarrow_forward6. Build the circuit shown in Figure 2 below in PSpice. Note that the power supply V1 is a VSIN power supply in the SOURCE library. Vcc is a VDC supply found in the SOURCE library. Model this circuit using the Time Domain (Transient) Analysis Type with a Run To Time of 2 ms. A. Paste your output graph showing the voltage at the base terminal, collector terminal and at the load. B. What is the voltage gain of the circuit? (Compare the voltage amplitude at the base terminal input (across Rb2) to that at the collector terminal. C. What happens to the output voltage at the collector terminal if the value of Rb1 is reduced by a factor of 10 (to 14.7 kn)? Simulate this situation and explain the result. D. What happens to the output voltage at the collector terminal if the value of Rb1 is increased by a factor of 3 (to 441 k)? Simulate this situation and explain the result. Rb1 RC 147k 1k C2 C1 Q1 Vcc 1u VOFF = 0 Q2N3904 10Vdc VAMPL = 0.1V1 1u FREQ = 2k R_load Rb2 Re AC = 0 250 40k 20 Figure…arrow_forwardThe input reactance of 1/2 dipole with radius of 1/30 is given as shown in figure below, Assuming the wire of dipole is conductor 5.6*107 S/m, determine at f=1 GHz the a-Loss resistance, b- Radiation efficiency c-Reflection efficiency when the antenna is connected to T.L shown in the figure. Rr Ro= 50 2 1/4 RL -j100 [In(l/a) - 1.5] tan(ẞl)arrow_forward
- 6) For each independent source in this circuit calculate the amount of power being supplied or the amount of power being absorbed + 6V www +3V- www 20 ми ми 352 0.5A + 3Varrow_forward2) A circuit is given as shown (a) Find and label circuit nodes. (b) Determine V, V₂, V₂, I₂ and I. + V₂ 452 m I2 6Ω www 52 t + V + 4A 노동 102 ww 1202 60 www I₂arrow_forwardA Darlington Pair consists of two transistors with the first BJT driving the base terminal of the second transistor as shown in the picture provided. What does the curve trace for a Darlington Pair of Bipolar Junction Transistors look like?arrow_forward
- Provide Pen and paper solution please not using AIarrow_forward5) If the current source supplies 448 watts, then what 15 the value of resistance R? ми R ↑ YA 62 ww 120 } ww 6_02 { wwarrow_forwardWhat is the equivalent resistance of this circuit between terminals A and B ? m 1852 A 7_A 122 도 www 50 ти B ww 36 Ω 201 www www 30√arrow_forward
- 3) A circuit is given as shown. (a) Find and label the circuit nodes. (6) Determine V2, V2, I₂, I₂ and Is © For each circuit element determine how much power it Supplies 15 absorbs. m 20 + 20 www 13 + 20 Z9V H 56 +1 LOV 1/2 1 4A + 3_22 3.2 ми + V₂ I 1arrow_forwardIn this experiment, we are going to use a 2N3904 BJT. Examine the data sheet for this device carefully. In particular, make a note of the current gain (identified by hFE). 1. Obtain the curve trace for a "Darlington Pair" of Bipolar Junction Transistors. A Darlington Pair consists of two transistors with the first BJT driving the base terminal of the second transistor as shown in Figure 1 below. A. Set up the primary sweep voltages for V1 the same as shown in the lecture notes (see the Darlington pair IV curve). B. Set up the secondary sweep currents for 11 to be an order of magnitude smaller than for the single BJT. In the Sweep Type box choose linear and enter the following 3 values: Start Value: 0, End Value: 8u and Increment: 1u (see lecture notes). C. Describe the primary differences you observe between the single BJT Curve Trace and that of the Darlington Pair. Discuss what might cause each difference. Q1 11 Q2 V1 Q2N3904 Figure 1. A Darlington Pair of 2N3904 transistors in a…arrow_forward2. Using the IV plots shown in Fig. 3 (and found in the reintroduction to PSpice) design a BJT biasing circuit that results in the following parameters: VCE = 2 Vand ig = 40 μA. We also require the power supply to be fixed at 5 Volts (this is where the load line intercepts the iB =ic = 0 line). You may use the circuit shown in Example 1. Note that all resistor values in Example 1 must be recalculated. Your solution for the base to ground and base to collector resistors may not be unique.arrow_forward
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