Chapter 2, Problem 2.3QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The properties of the given particles namely $\alpha$ particles, cathode rays, protons, neutrons and electrons have to be compared and also the term fundamental particle should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Atom is the smallest quantity of a matter that retains the properties of matter. Atom consists of electrons, protons and neutrons. The size of atom is very small and it is not possible to see with naked eye.

Initially, spontaneous emission of radiation from decay of radioactive substances like uranium produced three kinds of emission.

The positively charged particles which get deflected by positively charged plate are termed as alpha $\left(\alpha \right)$ rays.

The negatively charged particles which get deflected by negatively charged plate are termed as beta $\left(\beta \right)$ rays.

The higher energy waves that has zero charge also not gets affected by both electric and magnetic field are termed as gamma $\left(\gamma \right)$ rays.

Cathode rays are emitted from an unstable nucleus. They are negatively charged.

A particle is quantity of matter that has several chemical and physical properties such as density, volume and mass.