Chapter 2, Problem 2.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To determine the change in internal energy △U^t in kJ.

Concept Introduction:

Internal Energy - The energy which is present within the system itself. It eliminates kinetic energy causes due to motion of the system and the potential energy of the system.

Formulae for the internal energy $\Delta U=mC\Delta T$ where $\Delta U$ is change in internal energy, $m$ is the mass, $C$ is the heat capacity and $\Delta T$ is the change in temperature.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To determine change in elevation △z, in meters

Concept Introduction:

Potential energy of any object is the energy which causes due to position of the object.

Potential Energy is given by $E_p=mg\Delta z$

△Z= change in elevation

g= acceleration due to gravity $=9.81\frac{\text{m}}{{\text{s}}^{\text{2}}}$

And $m$ is the mass of the object.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To determine change in velocity v in m/s

Concept Introduction:

The energy that comes through the movement of an object is kinetic energy.

Kinetic Energy is given by

  $E_k=\frac{1}{2}m{v}^2$

Where $m$is the mass of the object and $v$ is the velocity.