Chapter 2, Problem 2.101P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The correct formula for $\text{iron}\left(\text{III}\right)\text{ oxide}$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The formula of an ionic compound represents the total number of ions of each element present in it.

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix $\text{-}ide$.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix $\text{-}ous$ for the ion with lower charge and suffix $\text{-}ic$ for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix $\text{-}ate$ added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and the suffix $\text{-}ite$ added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The correct formula for chloric acid is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for naming the members of a family with four oxoanions are as follows:

1) The anion with the most number of oxygen atoms has the refix $per\text{-}$, the non-metal root and the suffix $\text{-}ate$.

2) The anion with one fewer oxygen atom has the non-metal root and the suffix $\text{-}ate$.

3) The anion with two fewer oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and the suffix $\text{-}ite$.

4) The anion with three fewer oxygen atoms has the prefix $hypo\text{-}$, the non-metal root, and the suffix $\text{-}ite$.

The general rules for naming oxoacids are:

1) The suffix $\text{-}ate$ in the oxoanion changes to suffix $\text{-}ic$.

2) The suffix $\text{-}ite$ in the oxoanion changes to suffix $\text{-}ous$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The correct formula for mercuric oxide is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The formula of an ionic compound represents the total number of ions of each element present in it.

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix $\text{-}ide$.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix $\text{-}ous$ for the ion with lower charge and suffix $\text{-}ic$ for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix $\text{-}ate$ added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and the suffix $\text{-}ite$ added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The correct formula for potassium iodide is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The formula of an ionic compound represents the total number of ions of each element present in it.

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix $\text{-}ide$.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix $\text{-}ous$ for the ion with lower charge and suffix $\text{-}ic$ for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix $\text{-}ate$ added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and the suffix $\text{-}ite$ added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.