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MindTap Construction for Spence/Kultermann's Construction Materials, Methods and Techniques, 4th Edition, [Instant Access], 4 terms (24 months)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305635289
Author: William P. Spence; Eva Kultermann
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 2, Problem 1RQ
To determine
The purpose of local zoning ordinances
Expert Solution & Answer
Answer to Problem 1RQ
Zoning ordinances regulate the degree of building development as per land use by grouping buildings into zoning districts.
Explanation of Solution
Local zoning ordinances are regulations which are used to regulate the degree of development according to land use. They promote health, safety, and general welfare of society. To separate incompatible uses and promote cohesive city planning, zoning ordinances group buildings together into zoning districts. The zoning districts include residential, commercial, business, and industrial zones. The ordinances set guidelines for area and height of building, density of population, and may also stipulate building styles.
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The pin-connected structure consists of a rigid beam ABCD and two supporting bars. Bar (1) is an aluminum alloy [E = 75 GPa] with a
cross-sectional area of A₁ = 850 mm². Bar (2) is a bronze alloy [E = 109 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₂ = 410 mm². Assume
L₁=2.6 m, L₂-3.3 m, a=0.7 m, b=1.5 m, and c=0.8 m. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 4.5-mm
clearance in the pin connection at A. If a load of P = 45 kN is applied at B, determine:
(a) the normal stresses σ1,02, in both bars (1) and (2).
(b) the normal strains €1, €2, in bars (1) and (2).
(c) determine the downward deflection VA of point A on the rigid bar.
(1)
Answers:
a
(a) σ1
=
(b) E₁ =
(C) VA = i
i
i
ล
B
C
L2
b
C
MPa, σ =
i
με, Ε2
i
mm.
MPa.
με
The pin-connected structure consists of a rigid beam ABCD and two supporting bars. Bar (1) is an aluminum alloy [E = 79 GPa] with a
cross-sectional area of A₁ = 780 mm². Bar (2) is a bronze alloy [E = 104 GPa] with a cross-sectional area of A₂ = 460 mm². Assume
L₁=1.6 m, L₂-2.1 m, a=0.6 m, b=1.8 m, and c-1.3 m. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied; however, there is a 4-mm
clearance in the pin connection at A. If a load of P = 58 kN is applied at B, determine:
(a) the normal stresses 01,02, in both bars (1) and (2).
(b) the normal strains €1,2, in bars (1) and (2).
(c) determine the downward deflection VA of point A on the rigid bar.
(1)
L₁
B
Answers:
(a)σ =
b
ล
L2
C
D
i
MPa, σ1 =
i
MPa.
με, Ε2 =
i
με.
(b) €1
=
i
(C) VA =
i
mm.
A load of P = 114 kN is supported by a structure consisting of rigid bar ABC, two identical solid bronze [E = 116 GPa] rods, and a solid
steel [E=192 GPa] rod, as shown. The bronze rods (1) each have a diameter of 19 mm and they are symmetrically positioned relative
to the center rod (2) and the applied load P. Steel rod (2) has a diameter of 28 mm. All bars are unstressed before the load P is applied;
however, there is a 1.5-mm clearance in the bolted connection at B. Assume L₁ = 2.4 m and L₂ = 1.5 m. Determine:
(a) the normal stresses in the bronze and steel rods (01, 02).
(b) the downward deflection of rigid bar ABC.
(1)
Answers:
L2
(a) σ1
(b) v =
=
i
i
B
(1)
MPa, 02
mm.
=
i
MPa.
Chapter 2 Solutions
MindTap Construction for Spence/Kultermann's Construction Materials, Methods and Techniques, 4th Edition, [Instant Access], 4 terms (24 months)
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