Interpretation: The valence electron configuration for halogens is to be stated. The reason for the increase in the melting and boiling point from
Concept introduction: Halogen elements are highly reactive. All are nonmetals. They form hydrides when react with hydrogen.
To determine: The valence electron configuration for halogens; the reason for the increase in the melting and boiling point from
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Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
- The amount of sodium hypochlorite in a bleach solution can be determined by using a given volume of bleach to oxidize excess iodide ion to iodine; ClO- is reduced to Cl-. The amount of iodine produced by the redox reaction is determined by titration with sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3; I2 is reduced to I-. The sodium thiosulfate is oxidized to sodium tetrathionate, Na2S4O6. In this analysis, potassium iodide was added in excess to 5.00 mL of bleach (d=1.00g/cm3) . If 25.00 mL of 0.0700 M Na2S2O3 was required to reduce all the iodine produced by the bleach back to iodide, what is the mass percent of NaClO in the bleach?arrow_forwardAlumina, Al2O3, is amphoteric. Among examples of its amphoteric character are the reactions that occur when Al2O3 is heated strongly or fused with acidic oxides and basic oxides. (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of alumina with silica, an acidic oxide, to give aluminum metasilicate, Al2(SiO3)3. (b) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of alumina with the basic oxide CaO to give calcium aluminate, Ca(AlO2)2.arrow_forwardGive the formula for the acidic oxide of (a) HNO3 (b) HNO2 (c) H2SO4arrow_forward
- How can the paramagnetism of O2 be explained using the molecular orbital model?arrow_forwardDefine the bonding that exists in metals and how this model explains some of the unique physical properties of metals. What are metal alloys? Identify the two main types of alloys, and describe how their structures differ. Give several examples of each type of alloy.arrow_forwardThe reaction of calcium hydride, CaH2, with water can be characterized as a Lewis acid-base reaction: CaH2(s)+2H2O(l)Ca(OH)2(aq)+2H2(g) Identify the Lewis acid and the Lewis base among the reactants. The reaction is also an oxidation-reduction reaction. Identify the oxidizing agent, the reducing agent, and the changes in oxidation number that occur in the reaction.arrow_forward
- What is the oxidation state of the noble gas in each of the following? You may wish to review the chapter on chemical bonding and molecular geometry. (a) XeO2F2. (b) KrF2. (c) XeF3+. (d) XeO64-. (e) XeO3arrow_forwardWrite Lewis structures for NF3 and PP5. On the basis of hybrid orbitals, explain the fact that NF3, PP3, and PP5 are stable molecules, but NP5 does not exist.arrow_forwardWhich is the stronger acid, HClO4 or HBrO4? Why?arrow_forward
- Why do alkaline earth metals have low ionization enthalpy?arrow_forwardOut of white phosphorus and red phosphorus, which one is more reactive and why?arrow_forwardThe airbags that protect people in car crashes are inflated by the extremely rapid decomposition of sodium azide, which produces large volumes of nitrogen gas. 1. Write a balanced chemical equation, including physical state symbols, for the decomposition of solid sodium azide (NaN3) into solid sodium and gaseous dinitrogen. 0 2. Suppose 25.0 L of dinitrogen gas are produced by this reaction, at a temperature of 15.0 °C and pressure of exactly 1 atm. Calculate the mass of sodium azide that must have reacted. Round your answer to 3 significant digits. ローロ 010 X 00 09 3arrow_forward
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