Chapter 19, Problem 85AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The thermodynamic quantities which are state functions out of the given quantities.

Solution: The quantities which are state functions are $T,E$ and $S$ out of the given quantities.

Explanation:

The state quantities are the quantities which depend on the initial and final state of the system not on the path adopted to reach the final state.

The dependence of the given thermodynamic quantities on path is explained as follows:

The temperature of the system is a state function. It does not depend on the path taken to complete the process.

The internal energy of the system is a path independent function. It only depends upon the initial and final state of the system. Thus, it is a state function.

The heat transferred from/to the system is a path dependent function. Therefore, it is not a state function.

The work done of the system depends upon the number of steps taken to complete the reaction. Therefore, it is a path dependent function.

The entropy of the system is a path independent function. It only depends upon the initial and final state of the system.

Conclusion:

The quantities which are state functions are $T,E$ and $S$ out of the given quantities.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The thermodynamic quantities which depend upon the path taken to complete the process.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The number of reversible path between two states of the system.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The expression for the $\Delta E$ in terms of $q$ and $w$ ; also the expression for $\Delta S$ in terms of $q$ and $T$ for an isothermal reversible process.