Traffic and Highway Engineering - With Mindtap
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305360990
Author: Garber
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 19, Problem 6P
To determine
Thedeign equivalent single axel load
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A six lane divided highway is to be designed to replace an existing highway. The
present AADT (both directions) of 6000 vehicles is expected to grow at 5% per year.
Assume SN = 4 and pt = 2.5. The percent of traffic on the design lane is 45%.
Determine the design ESAL if the design life is 20 years and the vehicle mix is:
Passenger cars (4.44kN/axle) = 60%
2-axle single unit trucks (22.2kN/axle) = 30%
3-axle single unit trucks (31.11kN/axle) = 10%
A six-lane divided highway is to be designed to replace an existing highway. The present AADT (both directions)
of 6,000 vehicles is expected to grow at 5% per annum. Assume SN = 4 and pt = 2.5. The percent of traffic on the
design lane is 45%.
(a) Determine the design ESAL if the design life is 20 years and the vehicle mix is:
Passenger cars (1000 lb/axle) = 60%
2-axle single-unit trucks (5000 lb/axle) = 30%
3-axle single-unit trucks (7000 lb/axle) = 10%
(b) Based on this design ESAL, design a suitable pavement consisting of an asphalt mixture surface
with an elastic modulus of 250,000 lb/in2, a granular base layer with a structural coefficient of 0.14, and a
granular subbase layer with a structural coefficient of 0.09 on a subgrade having a CBR of 10. Assume all mi
values = 1. Use a reliability level of 85%, a standard deviation of 0.45, and a design serviceability loss of 2.0
The predicted traffic mix of a proposed four-lane urban non-interstate freeway is as follows.
Passenger cars = 78%
Single-unit trucks:
2-axle, 5,000 lb/axle = 12%
2-axle, 9,000 lb/axle = 4%
3-axle or more, 23,000 lb/axle = 3%
Tractor semitrailers and combinations:
3-axle, 20,000 lb/axle = 3%
The projected AADT during the first year of operation is 3,900 (both directions). If the traffic growth rate is estimated at 3 percent and the CBR of the subgrade is 7.5, determine the depth of a full-asphalt
pavement (in inches) using the AASHTO method and n = 20 years. The resilient modulus of the asphalt (EAC) is 320,000 lb/in². Assume m, for the subgrade is 1 and the percent of traffic on the design lane is
42 percent, pt = 2.5, and SN = 4. Use a reliability level of 90 percent, a standard deviation of 0.45, and a design serviceability loss of 2.0. Assume the design lane factor f is 0.42. (Use single-axle load
equivalency factors for 2-axle vehicles and tandem-axle load equivalency factors for…
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- The predicted traffic mix of a proposed four-lane urban non-interstate freeway is as follows. Passenger cars=78%Single-unit trucks:2-axle, 5,000 lb/axle=12%2-axle, 9,000 lb/axle=4%3-axle or more, 23,000 lb/axle=3%Tractor semitrailers and combinations:3-axle, 20,000 lb/axle=3% The projected AADT during the first year of operation is 3,900 (both directions). If the traffic growth rate is estimated at 3 percent and the CBR of the subgrade is 7.5, determine the depth of a full-asphalt pavement (in inches) using the AASHTO method and n = 20 years. The resilient modulus of the asphalt (EAC) is 320,000 lb/in2. Assume mi for the subgrade is 1 and the percent of traffic on the design lane is 42 percent, pt = 2.5, and SN = 4. Use a reliability level of 90 percent, a standard deviation of 0.45, and a design serviceability loss of 2.0. Assume the design lane factor fd is 0.42. (Use single-axle load equivalency factors for 2-axle vehicles and tandem-axle load equivalency factors for…arrow_forwardThe predicted traffic mix of a proposed four-lane urban non-interstate freeway is as follows. Passenger cars = 78% Single-unit trucks: 2-axle, 5,000 lb/axle = 12% 2-axle, 9,000 lb/axle = 4% 3-axle or more, 23,000 lb/axle = 3% Tractor semitrailers and combinations: 3-axle, 20,000 lb/axle = 3% The projected AADT during the first year of operation is 3,900 (both directions). If the traffic growth rate is estimated at 3 percent and the CBR of the subgrade is 7.5, determine the depth of a full- asphalt pavement (in inches) using the AASHTO method and n = 20 years. The resilient modulus of the asphalt (EAC) is 320,000 lb/in². Assume m, for the subgrade is 1 and the percent of traffic on the design lane is 42 percent, p₁ = 2.5, and SN = 4. Use a reliability level of 90 percent, a standard deviation of 0.45, and a design serviceability loss of 2.0. Assume the design lane factor f is 0.42. (Use single-axle load equivalency factors for 2-axle vehicles and tandem-axle load equivalency factors for…arrow_forwardThe predicted traffic mix of a proposed four-lane urban non-interstate freeway is as follows. Passenger cars = 78% Single-unit trucks: 2-axle, 5,000 lb/axle = 12% 2-axle, 9,000 lb/axle = 4% 3-axle or more, 23,000 lb/axle = 3% Tractor semitrailers and combinations: 3-axle, 20,000 lb/axle = 3% The projected AADT during the first year of operation is 3,900 (both directions). If the traffic growth rate is estimated at 3 percent and the CBR of the subgrade is 7.5, determine the depth of a full-asphalt pavement (in inches) using the AASHTO method and n = 20 years. The resilient modulus of the asphalt (EAC) is 320,000 lb/in2. Assume mi for the subgrade is 1 and the percent of traffic on the design lane is 42 percent, pt = 2.5, and SN = 4. Use a reliability level of 90 percent, a standard deviation of 0.45, and a design serviceability loss of 2.0. Assume the design lane factor fd is 0.42. (Use single-axle load equivalency factors for 2-axle vehicles and tandem-axle load equivalency…arrow_forward
- The predicted traffic mix of a proposed four-lane urban non-interstate freeway: Passenger cars (4.44kN/axle) = 65% 2-axle single unit trucks (22.2kN/axle) = 24% 2-axle single unit trucks (40kN/axle) = 6% 3-axle or more single-unit trucks (100kN/axle) = 3% 3-axle or tractor semitrailers and combinations (90kN/axle) = 2% The projected AADT during the first year of operation is 4000 (in both directions). If the traffic growth rate is estimated at 4%, the percent of the traffic on the design lane is 43%, pt =2.5, and SN =3, calculate the design ESAL at the design life of 25 years.arrow_forwardThe predicted traffic mix of a proposed four lane urban non-interstate freeway: Passenger cars (4.44kN/axle) = 69% 2-axle single unit trucks (22.2kN/axle) = 20% 2-axle single unit trucks (40kN/axle) = 5% 3-axle or more single unit trucks (100KN/axle) = 4% 3-axle or tractor semitrailers and combinations (90kN/axle) = 2% The projected AADT during the first year of operation is 3500 (both directions). If traffic growth rate is estimated at 4%, percent of traffic on the design lane is 42%, pi =2.5 and SN =3, determine the design ESAL at the design life of 20 years.arrow_forwardThe predicted traffic mix of a proposed four lane urban non-interstate freeway: Passenger cars (4.44KN/axle) = 69% 2-axle single unit trucks (22.2kN/axle) = 20% 2-axle single unit trucks (40KN/axle) = 5% 3-axle or more single unit trucks (100KN/axle) = 4% 3-axle or tractor semitrailers and combinations (90kN/axle) = 2% %3D %3D %3D The projected AADT during the first year of operation is 3500 (both directions). If traffic growth rate is estimated at 4%, percent of traffic on the design lane is 42%, pt =2.5 and SN =3, determine the design ESAL at the design life of 20 years.arrow_forward
- Current truck traffic volumes (in AADTT) for a six-lane highway are shown in the table below. An asphalt pavement with a 20 year design life is to be designed according to the Hveem method. It is assumed that traffic volumes for each truck classification will grow linearly by 20 percent over the next 20 years. Current traffic Expanded Vehicle Type ESAL constant 20 year ESAL volume (AADTT) Volume 2-axle trucks 500 3-axle trucks 300 4-axle trucks 150 5-axle or more trucks 750 Totalarrow_forwardAs4arrow_forward8. A two-lane highway is expected to serve ADT of 5000 veh, find DHV and DDHV in veh and pcu if the following information is given: K=0.1, D=0.6 Traffic composition includes 80 passenger cars and 20% trucks.arrow_forward
- Please solve this question in step by step in hand- It is transportation-2 Civil engineering Question-4 An six-lane divided highway is to be constructed on a new alignment. Traffic volume forecasts indicate that the average annual daily traffic (AADT) during the first year of operation will be (14002), with the following vehicle mix and axle loads (single axles). Passenger cars (2000 lb/axle) = 60% 2-axle single unit trucks (8000 lb/axle) = 25% 4-axle trucks (12000 1b/axle) = 15% If the expected annual traffic growth rate is 3.5 percent for all vehicles, estimate the design ESAL, given a design period of 18 years using axle load equivalency factor (LEF) tables.arrow_forward: An existing rural four-lane highway is to be replaced by a six-lane divided expressway (three lanes in each direction). Traffic volume data on the highway indicate that the AADT (both directions) during the first year of operation is 24,000 with the following vehicle mix and axle loads. Passenger cars (2,000 lb/axle) = 50% & Axle load equivalency factor is 0.0002 2-axle single-unit trucks (12,000 lb/axle) = 40% & Axle load equivalency factor is 0.174 3-axle single-unit trucks (16,000 lb/axle) = 10% & Axle load equivalency factor is 0.603 The vehicle mix is expected to remain the same throughout the design life of 20 years, although traffic is expected to grow at a rate of 3.5% annually. Using the PCA design method, if the subgrade k value is 50 lb/in3 and a 6 in. stabilized subbase is used. The modulus of rupture of the concrete is 600 lb/in2 and the pavement has aggregate interlock joints (that is, no dowels) and a concrete shoulder. Determine the minimum depth of concrete pavement…arrow_forwardOne segment of a two-lane, two-way rural highway is on rolling terrain and currently operates at maximum level of service C conditions. The annual growth rate of traffic on this segment of road is about 5%, and studies shown that it will continue to grow at this rate for the rest of this decade. Assuming a K factor (design hour factor) for this segment of road 0.13, determine in how many years will the number of lanes have to be increased if the level of service must not be worse than D?arrow_forward
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