Chapter 19, Problem 19.8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relative change in $\text{pH}$ and in the buffer-component concentration ratio, $\left[\text{NaA}\right]\text{/}\left[\text{HA}\right]$ has to be given for addition of 0.1 M $\text{NaOH}$ to the buffer.

Concept Introduction:

Buffer-component concentration ratio:

Buffer-component concentration ratio is given by,

$\text{Buffer-component concentration ratio}\text{=}\frac{\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{base}\text{in}\text{buffer}}{\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{acid}\text{in}\text{buffer}}$

When the buffer-component concentration ratio is equal to 1, the buffer resists changes in $\text{pH}$ with added acid to the same extent that it resists changes in $\text{pH}$ with added base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relative change in $\text{pH}$ and in the buffer-component concentration ratio, $\left[\text{NaA}\right]\text{/}\left[\text{HA}\right]$ has to be given for addition of 0.1 M $\text{HCl}$ to the buffer.

Concept Introduction:

Buffer-component concentration ratio:

Buffer-component concentration ratio is given by,

$\text{Buffer-component concentration ratio}\text{=}\frac{\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{base}\text{in}\text{buffer}}{\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{acid}\text{in}\text{buffer}}$

When the buffer-component concentration ratio is equal to 1, the buffer resists changes in $\text{pH}$ with added acid to the same extent that it resists changes in $\text{pH}$ with added base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relative change in $\text{pH}$ and in the buffer-component concentration ratio, $\left[\text{NaA}\right]\text{/}\left[\text{HA}\right]$ has to be given for dissolving of pure $\text{NaA}$ in the buffer.

Concept Introduction:

Buffer-component concentration ratio:

Buffer-component concentration ratio is given by,

$\text{Buffer-component concentration ratio}\text{=}\frac{\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{base}\text{in}\text{buffer}}{\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{acid}\text{in}\text{buffer}}$

When the buffer-component concentration ratio is equal to 1, the buffer resists changes in $\text{pH}$ with added acid to the same extent that it resists changes in $\text{pH}$ with added base.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relative change in $\text{pH}$ and in the buffer-component concentration ratio, $\left[\text{NaA}\right]\text{/}\left[\text{HA}\right]$ has to be given for dissolving of pure $\text{HA}$ in the buffer.

Concept Introduction:

Buffer-component concentration ratio:

Buffer-component concentration ratio is given by,

$\text{Buffer-component concentration ratio}\text{=}\frac{\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{base}\text{in}\text{buffer}}{\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{acid}\text{in}\text{buffer}}$

When the buffer-component concentration ratio is equal to 1, the buffer resists changes in $\text{pH}$ with added acid to the same extent that it resists changes in $\text{pH}$ with added base.