Chapter 19, Problem 19.48QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Need to calculate the dollars needed for the production of 10 tons of aluminum, 30 tons of sodium and 50 tons of calcium.

Concept introduction:

The reduction reaction for the production of aluminum, sodium and calcium was given below

     $\begin{array}{l}{\text{Mg}}^{2+}{\text{+2e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Mg}\\ {\text{Al}}^{\text{3+}}{\text{+3e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Al}\\ {\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}{\text{+e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Na}\\ {\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}{\text{+2e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Ca}\end{array}$

Even though the above reaction shows the production of different metal but all of them involve the reduction by electrons. The quantity of the metal produced is directly proportional to the quantity of the electrons utilized. So the production cost of the metal depends on the number of moles of electron need.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Need to calculate the dollars needed for the production of 10 tons of aluminum, 30 tons of sodium and 50 tons of calcium.

Concept introduction:

The reduction reaction for the production of aluminum, sodium and calcium was given below

     $\begin{array}{l}{\text{Mg}}^{2+}{\text{+2e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Mg}\\ {\text{Al}}^{\text{3+}}{\text{+3e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Al}\\ {\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}{\text{+e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Na}\\ {\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}{\text{+2e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Ca}\end{array}$

Even though the above reaction shows the production of different metal but all of them involve the reduction by electrons. The quantity of the metal produced is directly proportional to the quantity of the electrons utilized. So the production cost of the metal depends on the number of moles of electron need.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Need to calculate the dollars needed for the production of 10 tons of aluminum, 30 tons of sodium and 50 tons of calcium.

Concept introduction:

The reduction reaction for the production of aluminum, sodium and calcium was given below

     $\begin{array}{l}{\text{Mg}}^{2+}{\text{+2e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Mg}\\ {\text{Al}}^{\text{3+}}{\text{+3e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Al}\\ {\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}{\text{+e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Na}\\ {\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}{\text{+2e}}^{\text{-}}\to \text{Ca}\end{array}$

Even though the above reaction shows the production of different metal but all of them involve the reduction by electrons. The quantity of the metal produced is directly proportional to the quantity of the electrons utilized. So the production cost of the metal depends on the number of moles of electron need.