Interpretation:
The oxidation states of all the atoms in MnO2 should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The oxidation state is defined as the charge(s) that an atom would have when electron(s) were transferred completely from a molecule or ion.
Interpretation:
The oxidation states of all the atoms in BaCrO4 should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The oxidation state is defined as the charge(s) that an atom would have when electron(s) were transferred completely from a molecule or ion.
Interpretation:
The oxidation states of all the atoms in H2 SO3 should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The oxidation state is defined as the charge(s) that an atom would have when electron(s) were transferred completely from a molecule or ion.
Interpretation:
The oxidation states of all the atoms in Ca3 (PO4 )2 should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The oxidation state is defined as the charge(s) that an atom would have when electron(s) were transferred completely from a molecule or ion.
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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
- Chromium has been investigated as a coating for steel cans. The thickness of the chromium film is determined by dissolving a sample of a can in acid and oxidizing the resulting Cr3+ to Cr2O72 with the peroxydisulfate ion: S2O82(aq) + Cr3+(aq) + H2O(l) Cr2O72(aq) + SO42(aq) + H+(aq) (Unbalanced) After removal of unreacted S2O82 an excess of ferrous ammonium sulfate [Fe(NH4)2(SO4)26H2O] is added, reacting with Cr2O72 produced from the first reaction. The unreacted Fe2+ from the excess ferrous ammonium sulfate is titrated with a separate K2Cr2O7 solution. The reaction is: H+(aq) + Fe2+(aq) + Cr2O72(aq) Fe3+(aq) + Cr3+(aq) + H2O(l) (Unbalanced) a. Write balanced chemical equations for the two reactions. b. In one analysis, a 40.0-cm2 sample of a chromium-plated can was treated according to this procedure. After dissolution and removal of excess S2O82, 3.000 g of Fe(NH4)2(SO4)26H2O was added. It took 8.58 mL of 0.0520 M K2Cr2O7 solution to completely react with the excess Fe2+. Calculate the thickness of the chromium film on the can. (The density of chromium is 7.19 g/cm3)arrow_forwardDetermine the oxidation states of the elements in the compounds listed. None of the oxygen-containing compounds are peroxides or superoxides. (a) H2SO4 (b) Ca(OH)2 (C) BrOH (d) ClNO2 (e) TiCl4 (f) NaHarrow_forwardComplete and balance the following oxidation-reduction reactions, which give the highest possible oxidation state for the oxidized atoms. (a) Al(s)+F2(g) (b) Al(s)+CuBr2(aq) (single displacement) (c) P4(s)+O2(g) (d) Ca(s)+H2O(l) (products are a strong base and a diatomic gas)arrow_forward
- You have two 500.0-mL aqueous solutions. Solution A is a solution of a metal nitrate that is 8.246% nitrogen by mass. The ionic compound in solution B consists of potassium, chromium, and oxygen; chromium has an oxidation state of + 6 and there are 2 potassiums and 1 chromium in the formula. The masses of the solutes in each of the solutions are the same. When the solutions are added together, a blood-red precipitate forms. After the reaction bas gone to completion, you dry the solid and find that it has a mass of 331.8 g. a. Identify the ionic compounds in solution A and solution B. b. Identify the blood-red precipitate. c. Calculate the concentration (molarity) of all ions in the original solutions. d. Calculate the concentration (molarity) of all ions in the final solution.arrow_forward. For each of the following unbalanced oxidation-reduction chemical equations, balance the equation by inspection, and identify which species is the reducing agent. a.Fe(s)+O2(g)Fe2O3(s)b.Al(s)+Cl2(g)AlCl3(s)c.Mg(s)+P4(s)Mg3P2(s)arrow_forwardDetermine the oxidation number of each element in each of the following compounds: (a) HCN (b) OF2 (c) ASCl3arrow_forward
- Which of the following compounds have the same oxidation level, and which have different levels?arrow_forwardThe Ostwald process for the commercial production of nitric acid involves the Following three steps: 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)4NO(g)+6H2O(s)2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g)3NO2(g)+H2O(l)2HNO3(aq)+NO(g) a. Which reaction in the Ostwald process are oxidation-reduction reactions? b. Identify each oxidizing agent and reducing agent.arrow_forwardBalance each of the following equations according to the half-reaction method: (a) MnO4(aq)+NO2(aq)MnO2(s)+NO3(aq) (in base) (b) MnO42(aq)MnO42(aq)+MnO2(s) (in base) (c) Br2(l)+SO2(g)Br(aq)+SO42(aq) (in acid)arrow_forward
- The blood alcohol (C2H5OH) level can be determined by titrating a sample of blood plasma with an acidic potassium di-chromate solution, resulting in the production of Cr3+ (aq) and carbon dioxide. The reaction can be monitored because the dichromate ion (Cr2O72) is orange in solution, and the Cr3+ ion is green. The balanced equations is 16H+(aq) + 2Cr2O72(aq) + C2H5OH(aq) 4Cr4+(aq) + 2CO2(g) + 11H2O(l) This reaction is an oxidationreduction reaction. What species is reduced, and what species is oxidized? How many electrons are transferred in the balanced equation above?arrow_forwardSubstances A2, B2, and C2 can all act as oxidizing agents. In solution, A2 is green, B2 is yellow, and C2 is red. In the reactions in which they participate, they are reduced to A, B, and C ions, all of which are colorless. When a solution of C2 is mixed with one containing B ions, the color changes from red to yellow. Which species is oxidized? __________ Which is reduced? __________ When a solution of C2 is mixed with one containing A ions, the color remains red. Is C2 a better oxidizing agent than A2? __________ Is C2 a better oxidizing agent than B2? __________ Arrange A2, B2, and C2 in order of increasing strength as an oxidizing agent. ___________________ _______________ ______________ weakest oxidizing agentstrongest oxidizing agentarrow_forwardWhat does it mean for a substance to be oxidized? The term “oxidation” originally came from substances reacting with oxygen gas. Explain why a substance that reacts with oxygen gas will always be oxidized.arrow_forward
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