Bundle: Principles of Microeconomics, Loose-leaf Version, 8th + MindTap Economics, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card
Bundle: Principles of Microeconomics, Loose-leaf Version, 8th + MindTap Economics, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337379151
Author: N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Question
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Chapter 18, Problem 5PA

Subpart (a):

To determine

Wage rate.

Subpart (a):

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Daily wage can be derived as follows.

Wage=VMP×PriceApple=(1002L)×2=2004L

Wage is 2004L .

Rearrange the wage equation in terms of labor L=500.25W . Market demand function can be derived as follows.

Demand=L×Number of firms=(500.25W)×20=1,0005W

Labor demand is 1,0005W .

Subpart (b):

To determine

Calculate wage rate, profit and income.

Subpart (b):

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Wage level with 200 labors can be calculated as follows.

Supply of labor=Demand for labor200=1,0005W5W=1,000200W=8005=160

Wage is 160.

Number of labor demanded by each firm can be calculated as follows.

Demand for labor=Total laborTotal nuber of firms=20020=10

Each firm employs 10 labors.

Profit can be calculated as follows.

Profit=(Q×Price)(Wage×Labor)=((100LL2)×2)(160×10)=((100(10)(10)2)×2)(160×10)=1,8001,600=200

Total profit for each firm is 200.

Total income can be calculated as follows.

Total income=(Profit×Number of firm)+(Wage×Number of labor)=(200×20)+(160×200)=36,000

Total income is $36,000.

Subpart (c):

To determine

Calculate wage rate and income.

Subpart (c):

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

New daily wage can be derived as follows.

Wage=VMP×PriceApple=(1002L)×4=4008L

Wage is 4008L .

Rearrange the wage equation in terms of labor L=500.125W . Market demand function can be derived as follows.

Demand=L×Number of firms=(500.125W)×20=1,0002.5W

Labor demand is 1,0002.5W .

Wage level with 200 labors can be calculated as follows.

Supply of labor=Demand for labor200=1,0002.5W2.5W=1,000200W=8002.5=320

Wage is 320.

Profit can be calculated as follows.

Profit=(Q×Price)(Wage×Labor)=((100LL2)×4)(320×10)=((100(10)(10)2)×4)(320×10)=3,6003,200=400

Total profit for each firm is 400.

Total income can be calculated as follows.

Total income=(Profit×Number of firm)+(Wage×Number of labor)=(400×20)+(320×200)=72,000

Total income is $36,000.

Subpart (d):

To determine

Calculate profit and income.

Subpart (d):

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Market demand function after the destruction can be derived as follows.

Demand=L×Number of firms=(500.25W)×10=5002.5W

Labor demand is 5002.5W .

Wage level with 200 labors can be calculated as follows.

Supply of labor=Demand for labor200=5002.5W2.5W=500200W=3002.5=120

Wage is 120.

Number of labor demanded by each firm can be calculated as follows.

Demand for labor=Total laborTotal nuber of firms=20010=20

Each firm employs 20 labors.

Profit can be calculated as follows.

Profit=(Q×Price)(Wage×Labor)=((100LL2)×2)(160×20)=((100(20)(20)2)×2)(120×20)=3,2002,400=800

Total profit for each firm is 800.

Total income can be calculated as follows.

Total income=(Profit×Number of firm)+(Wage×Number of labor)=(800×10)+(120×200)=32,000

Total income is $32,000. The total income decreased.

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Discuss the preferred deterrent method employed by the Zambian government to combat tax evasion, monetary fines. As noted in the reading the potential penalty for corporate tax evasion is a fine of 52.5% of the amount evaded plus interest assessed at 5% annually along with a possibility of jail time. In general, monetary fines as a deterrent are preferred to blacklisting of company directors, revoking business operation licenses, or calling for prison sentences. Do you agree with this preference? Should companies that are guilty of tax evasion face something more severe than a monetary fine? Something less severe? Should the fine and interest amount be set at a different rate? If so at why? Provide support and rationale for your responses.
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