The Δ r G ° value for given reaction should be calculated by using Δ f G o and should be identified that whether the given reaction is product favoured at equilibrium. Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by Δ r G ° . It can be calculated in a similar manner as entropy and enthalpy. The expression for the free energy change is: Δ r G ° = ∑ nΔ f G ° ( products ) - ∑ nΔ f G ° ( reactants ) Δ r G ° is related to the reaction quotient Q by the expression, Δ r G = Δ r G ° + RT lnQ For a general reaction, aA + bB → cC + dD Q = [ C ] c [ D ] d [ A ] a [ B ] b
The Δ r G ° value for given reaction should be calculated by using Δ f G o and should be identified that whether the given reaction is product favoured at equilibrium. Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by Δ r G ° . It can be calculated in a similar manner as entropy and enthalpy. The expression for the free energy change is: Δ r G ° = ∑ nΔ f G ° ( products ) - ∑ nΔ f G ° ( reactants ) Δ r G ° is related to the reaction quotient Q by the expression, Δ r G = Δ r G ° + RT lnQ For a general reaction, aA + bB → cC + dD Q = [ C ] c [ D ] d [ A ] a [ B ] b
Solution Summary: The author explains the Gibbs free energy, which is a thermodynamic quantity that is related to the reaction quotient.
Science that deals with the amount of energy transferred from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state.
Chapter 18, Problem 50PS
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The ΔrG° value for given reaction should be calculated by using ΔfGo and should be identified that whether the given reaction is product favoured at equilibrium.
Concept introduction:
The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by ΔrG°. It can be calculated in a similar manner as entropy and enthalpy. The expression for the free energy change is:
ΔrG°= ∑nΔfG°(products)- ∑nΔfG°(reactants)
ΔrG° is related to the reaction quotient Q by the expression,
ΔrG = ΔrG°+ RT lnQ
For a general reaction, aA + bB→cC + dD
Q = [C]c[D]d[A]a[B]b
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The ΔrG° value for given reaction should be calculated when partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 0.10atm in presence of both calcium carbonate and calcium oxide and identified that reaction is spontaneous under such given conditions.
Concept introduction:
The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by ΔrG°. It can be calculated in a similar manner as entropy and enthalpy. The expression for the free energy change is:
ΔrG°= ∑nΔfG°(products)- ∑nΔfG°(reactants)
ΔrG° is related to the reaction quotient Q by the expression,
Lab Data
The distance entered is out of the expected range.
Check your calculations and conversion factors.
Verify your distance. Will the gas cloud be closer to the cotton ball with HCI or NH3?
Did you report your data to the correct number of significant figures?
- X
Experimental Set-up
HCI-NH3
NH3-HCI
Longer Tube
Time elapsed (min)
5 (exact)
5 (exact)
Distance between cotton balls (cm)
24.30
24.40
Distance to cloud (cm)
9.70
14.16
Distance traveled by HCI (cm)
9.70
9.80
Distance traveled by NH3 (cm)
14.60
14.50
Diffusion rate of HCI (cm/hr)
116
118
Diffusion rate of NH3 (cm/hr)
175.2
175.2
How to measure distance and calculate rate
For the titration of a divalent metal ion (M2+) with EDTA, the stoichiometry of the reaction is typically:
1:1 (one mole of EDTA per mole of metal ion)
2:1 (two moles of EDTA per mole of metal ion)
1:2 (one mole of EDTA per two moles of metal ion)
None of the above
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The Laws of Thermodynamics, Entropy, and Gibbs Free Energy; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8N1BxHgsoOw;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY