Concept explainers
Introduction:
A vaccine is defined as a preparation of bacterial, viral, or other pathogenic agents or their isolated peptides, which is administered with the objective of eliciting the recipient’s immunity. They are generally categorized into attenuated and inactivated vaccines. In attenuated vaccines, the immune response eliciting agentsare the weakened pathogens that cannot cause disease. They replicate in the recipient’s body and cause mild infection, which usually cannot be detected and elicits an immune response providing long-lasting immunity. Inactivated vaccines have inactivated pathogens as immune response eliciting agent. These agents do not replicate in therecipient’s body.
Immunosuppressed individuals are those individuals that have diminished immune response to antigens due to varied reasons ranging from systematic illness to immunosuppressive treatments. Measles is a viral infection caused by approximately 21 different strains of thevirus. The most common symptoms seen during a measles infection are adry cough, regular sneezing, and watery eyes. The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine are usually administered to prevent measles.

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Chapter 18 Solutions
NESTER'S MICROBIOLOGY: A HUMAN PERSPECT
- Explain how the hormones of the glands listed below travel around the body to target organs and tissues : Pituitary gland Hypothalamus Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Pineal Pancreas(islets of langerhans) Gonads (testes and ovaries) Placentaarrow_forwardWhat are the functions of the hormones produced in the glands listed below: Pituitary gland Hypothalamus Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Pineal Pancreas(islets of langerhans) Gonads (testes and ovaries) Placentaarrow_forwardDescribe the hormones produced in the glands listed below: Pituitary gland Hypothalamus Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Pineal Pancreas(islets of langerhans) Gonads (testes and ovaries) Placentaarrow_forward
- Please help me calculate drug dosage from the following information: Patient weight: 35 pounds, so 15.9 kilograms (got this by dividing 35 pounds by 2.2 kilograms) Drug dose: 0.05mg/kg Drug concentration: 2mg/mLarrow_forwardA 25-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of fever, chills, severe headache, and confusion. She recently returned from a trip to sub-Saharan Africa, where she did not take malaria prophylaxis. On examination, she is febrile (39.8°C/103.6°F) and hypotensive. Laboratory studies reveal hemoglobin of 8.0 g/dL, platelet count of 50,000/μL, and evidence of hemoglobinuria. A peripheral blood smear shows ring forms and banana-shaped gametocytes. Which of the following Plasmodium species is most likely responsible for her severe symptoms? A. Plasmodium vivax B. Plasmodium ovale C. Plasmodium malariae D. Plasmodium falciparumarrow_forwardStandard Concentration (caffeine) mg/L Absorbance Reading 10 0.322 20 0.697 40 1.535 60 2.520 80 3.100arrow_forward
- please draw in the answers, thank youarrow_forwarda. On this first grid, assume that the DNA and RNA templates are read left to right. DNA DNA mRNA codon tRNA anticodon polypeptide _strand strand C с A T G A U G C A TRP b. Now do this AGAIN assuming that the DNA and RNA templates are read right to left. DNA DNA strand strand C mRNA codon tRNA anticodon polypeptide 0 A T G A U G с A TRParrow_forwardplease answer all question below with the following answer choice, thank you!arrow_forward
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