Pearson eText Essential Cosmic Perspective, The --Instant Access (Pearson+)
Pearson eText Essential Cosmic Perspective, The --Instant Access (Pearson+)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135794982
Author: Jeffrey Bennett, Megan Donahue
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 18, Problem 45EAP
To determine

Draw the graph that shows orbital speed depends on the distance from the galactic center for each of the following three hypothetical galaxies.

a. a galaxy with all its mass concentrated at its center

b. a galaxy with a constant mass density within 20,000 light- years of its center, and zero density beyond that distance

c. a galaxy with constant mass density within 20,000 light- years of its center, and beyond that an enclosed mass that increases proportionally to the distance from the center

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During a concentric loading of the quadriceps muscle in the upper leg, an athlete extends his lower leg from a vertical position (see figure (a)) to a fully extended horizontal position (see figure (b)) at a constant angular speed of 45.0° per second. Two of the four quadriceps muscles, the vastis intermedius and the rectus femoris, terminate at the patellar tendon which is attached to the top of the tibia in the lower leg. The distance from the point of attachment of the patellar tendon to the rotation axis of the tibia relative to the femur is 4.10 cm in this athlete. a b (a) The two quadriceps muscles can exert a maximum force of 225 N through the patellar tendon. This force is applied at an angle of 25.0° to the section of the tibia between the attachment point and the rotation axis. What is the torque (in N⚫ m) exerted by the muscle on the lower leg during this motion? (Enter the magnitude.) N⚫ m (b) What is the power (in W) generated by the athlete during the motion? W (c)…
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