DRAW IT Label the components of the direct and indirect FA tests in the following situations. Which test is direct? Which test provides definitive proof of disease?
(a) Rabies can be diagnosed postmortem by mixing fluorescent- labeled antibodies with brain tissue.
(b) Syphilis can be diagnosed by adding the patient’s serum to a slide fixed with Treponema pallidum. Antihuman immune serum globulin tagged with a fluorescent dye is added.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 18 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Microbiology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (13th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Seeley's Anatomy & Physiology
Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology (12th Edition) (What's New in Microbiology)
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
- Describe in details for each of the following: 1. SARS-CoV2 mode of transmission 2. COVID-19 diagnostic test 3. COVID-19 antibody testarrow_forwardA 38 year-old woman went to a hospital and complained of a non-productive cough and dyspnea, which has progressed over two weeks. Based on physical examination, she was pale, diaphoretic and in acute respiratory distress. According to her, she had sexual contact with his partner for the past weeks. The physician ordered laboratory tests and results revealed that the CD4 count was significantly low. QUESTIONS: 1. What might be the predominant antibody present in the patient’s serum and why?arrow_forwardBased on our class results, which of the following should be effective when treating an E. faecalis infection? [Choose all that apply] Group of answer choices Kanamycin (K-30) Vancomycin (Va-30) Novobiocin (NB-30) Ciprofloxacin (CIP-5) Ampicillin (AM-10) Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (AmC-30) Bacitracin (B-10) Bacitracin (B-10) Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (SXT)arrow_forward
- In 2004, a study investigated the frequency of syphilis in a remote Australian community a total of 132 people participated in the study. A serological tests to diagnose cases of early syphilis were conducted for each participant during 2004. Two cases were identified. The researchers followed those at risk for another year, and during this time frame another person was diagnosed. (a) What was the prevalence of syphilis in 2004? (b) What was the prevalence of syphilis among study participants at the end of 2005 Assume no loss to follow-up? (c) What was the cumulative incidence of Syphilis over the study period?arrow_forward A 27-year-old man has had a fever and cough for four months . Auscultation of the chest discloses crepitant crackles confined to the apex that persist despite coughing. An x-ray off the chest shows enlarged hilar lymph nodes. Acid fast stain of the sputum is positive. Which of the following characterizes the cellular host reaction? A) Humoral antibody formation of B lymphocytes B) interferon gamma production by CD4 T lymphocytes C) interferon gamma production by CD8 T lymphocytes D) macrophage lysis by B lymphocytes E) macrophage lysis by CD4 T lymphocytes arrow_forwarda) Why is testing for rhesus (Rh) antigens and antibodies different from ABO testing?arrow_forward
- Discuss the intradermal route: Explain that intradermal vaccines are injected just below the skin's surface. Highlight the use of this route for certain vaccines, such as the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine for tuberculosis. If available, demonstrate the administration of a vaccine using a sample vaccine vial or images. Emphasize the specific route and technique employed for each vaccine. Make sure to put references.arrow_forwardDepending on the purpose, the typhoid fever can be diagnosed in the laboratory by either of the following method, i) Widal, ii. Blood culture and iii. Nucleic acid based identification method. Write a brief essay comparing these three diagnostic tests. Your answer must contain the basis of identification of each test, what does it mean by positive and negative results and which test do you think to be useful for the identification of active patient and which test is/are useful for the screening of previously infected case. Which test is prerequisite to perform the antibiotic susceptibility pattern?arrow_forwardFor children two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and five does of the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine are given over a four-year period. Discuss why the DTaP vaccine requires so many doses.arrow_forward
- Differentiate between the serological tests used to identify isolatedcultures of pathogens and those used to diagnose disease frompatients’ serum as shown in figure .arrow_forwardThe parents of a 3-day-old male neonate are concerned by their child's condition. The child is irritable, has fever and blisters over most of his body, and peeling skin as seen in the attached image. Which of the following virulence factors produced by the most likely causal agent is responsible for this condition? Answers A - E A Alpha-Toxin B Beta hemolysin C Exfoliative toxin D Pyrogenic exotoxin E Toxic shock syndrome toxin O Question #6 attachment O .0arrow_forwardAlbendazole is the drug of choice for cysticercosis. What is the mechanism of action of the benzimidazoles? What effect might this have on rapidly dividing cells? Discuss the possible use of albendazole in a patient with HIV.arrow_forward