Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Balanced
Concept Introduction:
Nuclear reaction can be written in the form of nuclear equation. Nuclear equation considers that
Alpha particle emission results in formation of product nucleus that has mass number reduced by 4 and atomic number reduced by 2. Alpha particle is represented as
(b)
Interpretation:
Time required for the radon-222 radioisotope to decrease to
Concept Introduction:
For a radioactive isotope, the relative instability is expressed in terms of half-life. Half-life is the time required for half of the given quantity of the radioisotope to undergo radioactive decay. Half-life of the radioactive isotope is independent of the quantity of the radioactive isotope. Half-life of a radioactive isotope can be expressed as,
Number of disintegrations per unit time is known as the activity of the sample. The rate of radioactive decay can be expressed as,
Where,
If initial activity of the sample is
Rearranging equation (3) as shown below,
Considering equation (2), the equation (3) can be rewritten in terms of fraction of radioactive atoms that is present after time
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