Traffic and Highway Engineering
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305156241
Author: Garber, Nicholas J.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 18, Problem 2P
To determine
The factors that influence the durability of asphalt materials and the effect that each factor has on the materials.
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1. Find moments of inertia around horizontal and vertical centroid axes for given 6 cross sections.
1)
30cm
5cm
10cm
20cm
2)
3)
An anchored sheet-pile bulkhead is shown in the figure below. Let L₁ = 2 m. L₂ =6 m. l₁ = 1 m = 17 kN/m². sat -18.86 kN/m², '=32°, and c=27 kN/m². Use the free earth support method.
Anchor
Sand
= 0
Water table
L
Sand
Ysat
c' = 0
Clay
= 0
1. Determine the theoretical depth of embedment, D.
(Enter your answer to three significant figures.)
D=
m
2. Calculate the anchor force per unit length of the sheet-pile wall.
(Enter your answer to three significant figures.)
F=
kN/m
Calculate the dry mass of activated sludge (✗a) produced in wastewater treatment
system where the flow rate is 7,500 m³/day, the BOD concentration in the primary
effluent (i.e., the BOD concentration in the wastewater going to the aeration basin)
is 75 mg/L, the soluble BOD concentration in the liquid effluent of the secondary
clarifier is 10 mg/L, and the system is operating with an SRT of 3 days. Assume true
yield is 0.5 g VSS per g BOD and the decay rate (i.e., bч or kd) is equal to 0.1 days
1. Assume the system does not achieve nitrification and that the mass of cell debris,
nonbiodegradable VSS, and influent inert TSS is negigible. Express your answer in
kg/day and round to the nearest 0.1.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Traffic and Highway Engineering
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Given the specifications for an asphaltic concrete...Ch. 18 - Given the particle size distributions of two...Ch. 18 - Given the particle size distributions of two...Ch. 18 - Given four different types of aggregates to be...Ch. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10P
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- In a school, there are three clubs: Drama Club, Music Club, and debating Club. Some students are members of multiple clubs, while others are only members of one club. a. How would you represent this scenario using set notation and Venn Diagram?arrow_forwardDetermine the required volume of a completely mixed activated sludge aeration tank for a conventional activated sludge system treating a design flow rate of 34,560 m³/d, where the effluent standards are 30.0 mg/L for BOD5 and 30.0 mg/L for total suspended solids (TSS). Assume that the BOD5 of the effluent TSS is 70% of the TSS concentration. Assume the BOD5 concentration leaving the primary clarifier is 128 mg/L that the MLVSS concentration (Xa) is 2,500 mg/L. Assume the following values for the growth constants: • K = 100 mg/L BOD5 • μm = 2.5 d−1 • kd = 0.050 d 1 Y = 0.50 mg VSS/mg BOD5 removed Express your answer in m³ and round to the nearest integer.arrow_forwardDetermine the daily volume of methane and total gas produced in an anaerobic digester if the biosolids flow rate is 200 m³/d and the COD concentration going into the reactor is 5,000 g/m³. Assume yield is 0.05 g VSS/g COD, that there is 90% COD removal, and that methane is 50% of the total gas volume. Assume that actual gas production at the operating temperature is 0.4 L of CH4 per g of COD. Express your answer in m³/d and round to the nearest integer.arrow_forward
- Considering the following stoichiometry shown below, calculate the theoretical true yield of bacteria that use the organic molecule butyrate (C4 H7O2¯) as their source of energy. Express your answer with the units of grams of C5 H7O2 N per gram of O2 and round to the nearest 0.01. Stoichiometric relationship for the microbial oxidation of butyrate with O₂ as terminal electron acceptor 2C4H;O, +502+NHẠ* → C5 H7O2 N + 5H2O+ HCO3 + CO2 Stoichiometric relationship for the complete oxidation of butyrate C4H7O2 +502 + H+ →4CO2+4H₂Oarrow_forwardRefer to the figure below. Given: L₁ = 4m, L2 = 8 m, l₁ = l2 = 2 m, y = 16 kN/m³, Ysat = 18.5 kN/m³, and ' = 26°. Use the charts presented below the answer fields. Sand c' = 0 Anchor L₁ Water table Sand Ysat c' 0 $' Sand c' = 0 1. Determine the theoretical depth of penetration. (Enter your answer to two significant figures.) D= m 2. Determine the anchor force per unit length. (Enter your answer to two significant figures.) F= kN/m 3. Determine the maximum moment in the sheet pile. (Enter your answer to two significant figures.) CDL₁ Mmax = 0.5 kN-m/m 0.4- -24= &' 26° 0.3 -28° 30° 32° 0.2 34° 36° 38° 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.18 1.16 1.14 1.12 1.10 1.08 1.06 1.04 4₁/(L₁+ L₂2) L₁ 4₁+12 0.3 0.2 = 0.4arrow_forwardFor the gravity concrete dam shown in the figure, the following data are available: - Unit weight of concrete (Yeone) = 2.4 ton/m³ - Horizontal earth quake coefficient (Kh) = 0.1 Neglect( Wave pressure, silt pressure, ice force) H=0.65, (Ywater) -1 ton/m³ Find :- a- heel and toe stresses (Pain & Pmas) b- factor of safety against sliding and overturning (F.S. & F.Sover). Solve in table on paper W 8m 6m 8m 94m 0.9arrow_forward
- A market segment consists of 500 individuals. A Logit mode choice model (with logit parameter equal to 1) has been estimated for this market resulting in the following utility function: U = ẞm 0.40C 0.037 where C is out-of-pocket cost in $ and T is travel time in min. Values of ẞm are: Bus: 0.00; Rail: 0.50; Car: 1.50. For a particular origin-destination pair, the cost of a car trip is $2 and the duration 8 minutes, a rail trip is $1.50 and takes 12 minutes, while a bus takes 20 minutes and costs $1.25. a. Predict the number of trips for each mode. b. Which one of the following policies would lead to the largest increase in bus passengers? Why? (i) An increase in the price of gas that increases the cost of a car trip to $3, while all other parameters remain constant. (ii) Introducing an express service that decreases the travel time of the rail to 10 min, while all other parameters remain constant. (iii) Decrease the cost of the bus to $1, while all other parameters remain constant.arrow_forwardQ1: For the gravity concrete dam shown in the figure, the following data are available: -Unit weight of concrete (Y)-2.4 ton/m Neglect Wave pressure, silt pressure, ice force and carth quake force) -0.65, (7) 1 ton/m' Find factor of safety against sliding and overturning (F.Sas & F.Ser), If heel and toe stresses (P & Pan) are 57.17ton/m² and 84.53 ton/m² respectively. Solve in table on paper w.s.i 83m 10m 8m 80marrow_forwardIn this question, we are going to learn about the gravity model. As discussed in class, an alternative and frequent way to model the demand is doing it in 4 steps: Generation/Attraction, Distribution, Mode choice, and Route choice. In the generation/attraction step, we estimate the number of trips that depart and arrive from each zone, in a similar way as we studied generation in the lectures. The idea of the distribution step is, taking the generation and attraction numbers as known, estimate the number of people going from each zone to each zone. Let's be precise: Consider that you know O₂ for every zone i, representing the number of users that have i as their origin. Similarly, you know Dj, representing the number of users that have j as their destination. We want to estimate Mij, i.e., the number of users going from i to j. The matrix Marrow_forward
- = a2+ Assume an origin is connected to a destination with two routes. Assume the travel time of each route has a linear relationship with the traffic flow on the route (t₁ = α₁ + b₁x₁ ; t₂ b2x2). Determine under what condition (e.g. a relationship among the parameters of the performance functions) tolling cannot reduce the total travel time of the two routes.arrow_forwardA suburb has 2000 households. The council hired two transport consulting companies to predict the generated work trips from within the suburb after building a few residential complexes. The new buildings will increase the number of households to 2500. The following information is provided: Type Household Size Household Count Projected Household Count 1 1 500 800 2 2 800 900 3 3 700 800 Each company has conducted different travel surveys from 200 households based on different sampling methods. The work trip generation models are as follows: Company A: T₁ = -0.1 + 0.8 (household size) Company B: T₁ = 0.1 + 0.5 (household size) a. If the total number of current work trips is 2700, which model should be used for prediction? Why? b. What are the possible reasons for the difference between the two models? C. As a transport engineer working for council, propose a new and more accurate model based on Companies A and B models. d. Based on the new model in Part C, predict the number of work…arrow_forwardConsider the following static route choice problem where 110 vehicles travel from point A to point B. The corresponding travel time (in minutes) of each link is as follows: t₁ = x1; t₂ = x2 + 20; t3 = x3 + 10; t₁ = 3x4 where x; denotes the number of vehicles that choose link i. Find the number of vehicles that travel on each link when a. The user equilibrium condition (UE) is satisfied, where vehicles select the route with the minimum travel time; and b. The system optimum condition (SO) is satisfied, where the total travel time is minimised. C. Report the total delay savings when satisfying SO instead of UE. 2 A B 3 4arrow_forward
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