ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (LOOSELEAF)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260475630
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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The formal charge on the phosphorus atom in the resonance structures for the phosphate ion that minimizes the formal changes is ?
Two major resonance structures are possible for the anion shown. One resonance form is given, but it is incomplete. Complete
the given structure by adding nonbonding electrons and formal charges. Draw the remaining structure, including nonbonding
electrons and formal charges. Omit curved arrows.
Structure A: complete the structure by adding
nonbonding electrons and formal charges.
H
H
H
I
Structure B: draw the remaining resonance structure,
including nonbonding electrons and formal charges.
H-
: z:
H
H
please draw it out and explain how to do it. i would like to learn
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- Ethanol, , is a compound in which the formal charge on all the atoms is zero. Under certain conditions the bond can be broken so that both electrons remain with the oxygen atom. The products are In this structure the oxygen owns one electron from shared pair and two electrons from each of unshared pairs. The total number of electrons belonging to oxygen is Oxygen is a Group element. The formal charge on the oxygen atom is . The correct Lewis structure for the ethoxide ion is Note that the other fragment, the proton, leaves with a formal charge of +1.arrow_forwardThe Lewis structure of acetone is Circling the carbonyl carbon, i.e., the carbon atom attached to oxygen, and its octet gives Circling the oxygen atom and its octet gives Thus, atoms share electrons in making bonds, and a pair of electrons may be included in the octet of two different atoms. When computing the formal charge on an atom, the number of electrons that belong to that atom is compared with the number of electrons the atom would have in the unbonded and neutral state. If the two numbers are the same, the formal charge on the atom is zero. In a Lewis structure both electrons in an unshared pair belong to the atom, and one of every pair of shared (bonding) electrons belongs to the atom.arrow_forwardThe carbon atom owns one electron from each of shared pairs and two electrons from unshared pair. The number of electrons that belong to carbon is . Carbon is a Group element. Since the carbon atom has one more electron than it would in the neutral, unbonded state, it has a formal charge of –1 . The Lewis structure for the methyl anion is The lithium fragment must have a formal charge ofarrow_forward
- The oxygen atom in acetone possesses ____ unshared pairs and ____ shared pairs of electrons. The number of electrons that belong to oxygen is ____. Oxygen is a Group ____ element. The formal charge on oxygen in acetone is ____.arrow_forwardDraw the best Lewis structure for the linear C ion, including all lone pair electrons and non-zero formal charges.arrow_forwardCalculate the formal charge on each of the atoms in the Lewis structure given. Be sure to answer all parts. H: N: O (of OH): O: Nitrous acidarrow_forward
- In an ammonium, nitrogen has a valence of 4, and zero nonbonding electrons. What is the correct formal charge of nitrogen with 4 covalent bonds?arrow_forwardCalculate the formal charge for each atom in the following HCOO- ion. H: C: O (single bond) : O (double bond) :arrow_forwardConsider a chemical species (either a molecule or an ion) in which a carbon atom forms three single bonds to three hydrogen atoms and in which the carbon atom possesses an unshared electron pair. (a) What formal charge would the carbon atom have? Note: enter sign followed by number to answer this question (e.g. "+1"). Formal charge = (b) What total charge would the species have? Note: enter sign followed by number to answer this question (e.g. "+1"). Total charge = (c) What shape would you expect this species have? Shape= (d) What would you expect the hybridization of the carbon atom to be? Carbon hybridization = sp O sp³d² O sp³d O sp³ sp²arrow_forward
- Three major contributing resonance structures are possible for the following cation. One is given below. Draw the remaining structures (in any order), including nonbonding electrons and formal charges. Omit curved arrows. н н CH3З Which contributes most to the hybrid? The structure with the positive charge on sulfur. All contribute equally. O The structures with the positive charge on carbon.arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure created by the curved arrow. Write in formal charges wherever they are not equal to zero. H-N=c-H H-N=C-Harrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structurearrow_forward
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