Physics of Everyday Phenomena
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259894008
Author: W. Thomas Griffith, Juliet Brosing Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 18, Problem 15CQ
To determine
Whether it is possible for X-rays to be produced by a television picture tube.
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Please give a brief explanation of how X-rays were discovered and how they are produced.
In the late 1890s many people had x rays taken of their body. X-ray machines were common in shoe stores in the late 1940s and early 1950s for people to examine how their shoes fi t; customers enjoyed seeing pictures of their bones. Discuss the safety of these undertakings.
A “clever” technician decides to heat some water for his coffee with an x-ray machine. If the machine produces 10 rad/s, how long will it take to raise the temperature of a cup of water by 50°C? Ignore heat losses during this time.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Physics of Everyday Phenomena
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1CQCh. 18 - Prob. 2CQCh. 18 - Prob. 3CQCh. 18 - Prob. 4CQCh. 18 - Prob. 5CQCh. 18 - Prob. 6CQCh. 18 - Prob. 7CQCh. 18 - Prob. 8CQCh. 18 - Prob. 9CQCh. 18 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11CQCh. 18 - Prob. 12CQCh. 18 - Prob. 13CQCh. 18 - Prob. 14CQCh. 18 - Prob. 15CQCh. 18 - Prob. 16CQCh. 18 - Prob. 17CQCh. 18 - Prob. 18CQCh. 18 - Prob. 19CQCh. 18 - Prob. 20CQCh. 18 - Prob. 21CQCh. 18 - Prob. 22CQCh. 18 - Prob. 23CQCh. 18 - Prob. 24CQCh. 18 - Prob. 25CQCh. 18 - Prob. 26CQCh. 18 - Prob. 27CQCh. 18 - Prob. 28CQCh. 18 - Prob. 29CQCh. 18 - Prob. 30CQCh. 18 - Prob. 31CQCh. 18 - Prob. 32CQCh. 18 - Prob. 33CQCh. 18 - Prob. 34CQCh. 18 - Prob. 35CQCh. 18 - Prob. 1ECh. 18 - Prob. 2ECh. 18 - If 112 g of silicon (Si) react completely with 64...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4ECh. 18 - Prob. 5ECh. 18 - How many electrons would be required to produce 12...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7ECh. 18 - Prob. 8ECh. 18 - Prob. 9ECh. 18 - Prob. 10ECh. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - Prob. 12ECh. 18 - An electron beam in a cathode-ray tube passes...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2SPCh. 18 - Prob. 3SPCh. 18 - Prob. 4SP
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- One half the rays from 99mTc are absorbed by a 0.170mmthick lead shielding. Half of the rays that pass through the first layer of lead are absorbed in a second layer of equal thickness. What thickness of lead will absorb all but one in 1000 of these rays?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between (rays and characteristic x rays? Is either necessarily more energetic than the other? Which can be the most energetic?arrow_forwardOne half the rays from 99mTcare absorbed by a 0.170-mm-thicklead shielding. Half of the y rays that pass through the first layer of lead are absorbed in a second layer of equal thickness. What thickness of lead will absorb all but one in 1000 of these rays?arrow_forward
- Why does the energy of characteristic x rays become increasingly greater for heavier atoms?arrow_forwardCT scanners do not detect details smaller than about 0.5 Is this limitation clue to the wavelength of x lays? Explain.arrow_forward(a) What voltage must be applied to an X-ray tube to obtain 0.0100-fm-wavelength X-rays for use in exploring the details of nuclei? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?arrow_forward
- Unreasonable Results A physicist scatters (rays from a substance and sees evidence of a nucleus 7.51013m in radius. (a) Find the atomic mass of such a nucleus. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) What is unreasonable about the assumption?arrow_forwardX-rays form ionizing radiation that is dangerous to living tissue and undetectable to the human eye. Suppose that a student researcher working in an X-ray diffraction laboratory is accidentally exposed to a fatal dose of radiation. Calculate the temperature increase of the researcher under the following conditions: the energy of X-ray photons is 200 keV and the researcher absorbs 41013 photons per each kilogram of body weight during the exposure. Assume that the specific heat of the student’s body is O.83kcal/kg K.arrow_forwardUnreasonable Results (a) What voltage must be applied to an X-ray tube to obtain 0.0100-fm-wavelength X-rays for use in exploring the details of nuclei? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?arrow_forward
- (a) Find the velocity of a neutron that has a 6.00-fm wavelength (about the size of a nucleus). Assume the neutron is nonrelativistic. (b) What is the neutron's kinetic energy in MeV?arrow_forwardUnreasonable Results (a) Assuming it is nonrelativistic, calculate the velocity of an electron with a 0.100-fm wavelength (small enough to detect details of a nucleus). (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?arrow_forward1. During the deep X-ray therapy high energy X-rays are used. They are filtered by passing them through copper and aluminium plates. If the copper plate has thickness ?1 = 2 mm and aluminium plate ?2 = 6 mm, find reduction in X-ray beam intensity. Linear attenuation coefficients for copper and aluminium are ?1 = 0,32 cm –1, and ?2 = 0,15 cm –1, respectively.arrow_forward
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