Local hormones are a huge group of signaling molecules. These are released from the cells which produce them or are secreted from neighboring cells. Eicosanoid is a primary type of local hormone which is released from fatty acids. It is formed by an enzymatic cascade. It causes the stimulation of cells that produced it (autocrine stimulation) or its neighboring cells (paracrine stimulation). Leukotrienes from damaged tissue cause smooth muscle in local blood vessels to vasodilate or increase the vessel lumen.

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engineered constructs that consist of hollow fibers are acting as synthetic capillaries, around which cells have been loaded. The cellular space around a single fiber can be modeled as if it were a Krogh tissue cylinder. Each fiber has an outside “capillary” radius of 100 µm and the “tissue” radius can be taken as 200 µm. The following values apply to the device:R0 = 20 µM/secaO2 = 1.35 µM/mmHgDO2,T = 1.67 x 10-5 cm2/secPO2,m = 4 x 10-3 cm/secInstead of blood inside the fibers, the oxygen transport and tissue consumption are being investigated by usingan aqueous solution saturated with pure oxygen. As a result, there is no mass transfer resistance in the synthetic“capillary”, only that due to the membrane itself. Rather than accounting for pO2 variations along the length ofthe fiber, use an average value in the “capillary” of 130 mmHg.Is the tissue fully oxygenated?

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Chapter 17.3, Problem 7WDYL

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Local hormones are a huge group of signaling molecules. These are released from the cells which produce them or are secreted from neighboring cells. Eicosanoid is a primary type of local hormone which is released from fatty acids. It is formed by an enzymatic cascade. It causes the stimulation of cells that produced it (autocrine stimulation) or its neighboring cells (paracrine stimulation). Leukotrienes from damaged tissue cause smooth muscle in local blood vessels to vasodilate or increase the vessel lumen.

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