. Suppose the reaction system CH 4 ( g ) + 2O 2 ( g ) ⇌ CO 2 ( g ) + 2H 2 O ( l ) has already reached equilibrium. Predict the effect of each of the following changes on the position of the equilibrium. Tell whether the equilibrium will shift to the right, will shift to the left, or will not be affected. a. Any liquid water present is removed from the system. b. CO 2 is added to the system by dropping a chunk of dry ice into the reaction vessel. c. The reaction is performed in a metal cylinder fined with a piston. and the piston is compressed to decrease the total volume of the system. d. Additional O 2 (g) is added to the system from a cylinder of pure O 2 .
. Suppose the reaction system CH 4 ( g ) + 2O 2 ( g ) ⇌ CO 2 ( g ) + 2H 2 O ( l ) has already reached equilibrium. Predict the effect of each of the following changes on the position of the equilibrium. Tell whether the equilibrium will shift to the right, will shift to the left, or will not be affected. a. Any liquid water present is removed from the system. b. CO 2 is added to the system by dropping a chunk of dry ice into the reaction vessel. c. The reaction is performed in a metal cylinder fined with a piston. and the piston is compressed to decrease the total volume of the system. d. Additional O 2 (g) is added to the system from a cylinder of pure O 2 .
Solution Summary: The author explains Le Chatelier's principle that when an external stress such as temperature, pressure and concentration is applied to a system in equilibrium, the equilibrium position will shift to the left.
. Suppose the reaction system
CH
4
(
g
)
+
2O
2
(
g
)
⇌
CO
2
(
g
)
+
2H
2
O
(
l
)
has already reached equilibrium. Predict the effect of each of the following changes on the position of the equilibrium. Tell whether the equilibrium will shift to the right, will shift to the left, or will not be affected. a. Any liquid water present is removed from the system. b. CO2is added to the system by dropping a chunk of dry ice into the reaction vessel. c. The reaction is performed in a metal cylinder fined with a piston. and the piston is compressed to decrease the total volume of the system. d. Additional O2(g) is added to the system from a cylinder of pure O2.
4.
a) Give a suitable rationale for the following cyclization, stating the type of process involved
(e.g. 9-endo-dig), clearly showing the mechanistic details at each step.
H
CO₂Me
1) NaOMe
2) H3O®
CO₂Me
2. Platinum and other group 10 metals often act as solid phase hydrogenation catalysts for
unsaturated hydrocarbons such as propylene, CH3CHCH2. In order for the reaction to be
catalyzed the propylene molecules must first adsorb onto the surface. In order to completely
cover the surface of a piece of platinum that has an area of 1.50 cm² with propylene, a total
of 3.45 x 10¹7 molecules are needed. Determine the mass of the propylene molecules that
have been absorbed onto the platinum surface.
Chem 141, Dr. Haefner
2. (a) Many main group oxides form acidic solutions when added to water. For example solid
tetraphosphorous decaoxide reacts with water to produce phosphoric acid. Write a balanced
chemical equation for this reaction.
(b) Calcium phosphate reacts with silicon dioxide and carbon graphite at elevated temperatures
to produce white phosphorous (P4) as a gas along with calcium silicate (Silcate ion is SiO3²-)
and carbon monoxide. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
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