(a)
To explain:
The difference between oxidation and reduction electrochemical reactions:
(a)

Answer to Problem 1QAP
The difference between oxidation and reduction electrochemical reactions is explained as below:
Explanation of Solution
Electrochemical reaction is the process that involves electron transfer between two substances mostly a metal and an electrolyte. It includes oxidation and reduction reactions that occur simultaneously. Oxidation reaction involves loss of electrons by a molecule or an atom to form a cation. This causes increase in oxidation state. Reduction reaction involves gain of electrons by an atom to form an anion. This causes decrease in oxidation state. Thus, the basic difference between oxidation and reduction electrochemical reaction involve loss and gain of electrons in an atom, respectively.
(b)
To explain:
Which reaction (oxidation and reduction) occurs at anode and which at the cathode?
(b)

Answer to Problem 1QAP
The reaction (oxidation and reduction) occurs at anode and at the cathode is explained as below.
Explanation of Solution
Oxidation and reduction reactions occur at electrodes. Anode refers to negative electrode and cathode refers to positive electrode. Oxidation takes place at the anode as it involves loss of electrons. Reduction takes place at the cathode as it involves gain of electrons.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING:AN INTRO
- 1- A manufacturing company is optimizing the cooling time of a newly developed plastic molding process. The goal is to minimize the total production cost, which depends on the cooling time (t) in minutes. The production cost (C, in dollars) is given by: C=50+10(t)-0.5(t)^2 where: 5 st≤ 20 (cooling time in minutes) Using the Two-Experiments Sequential Method (up to five cycles) find the optimal cooling time (t) that minimizes the production cost. 3:29 مarrow_forward2- Find the optimum minimum point of y = x²-6x + 2 in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 10 using sequential search method with three experiments. the accuracy a = 0.06. 3- Find the optimum of y = 9x -0.1 x² in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 100, and α = 0.05 Use two and three experiments sequential search methods?arrow_forwardThe following circuit is at steady state for t<0. At t=0 sec, the switch is open. Let R₁ =14 ohms, R₂=14 ohms, R3-4 ohms, C₁-1 F, Vx-16 V and Ix-7 A. Find Vc1 (0.8 sec) and voltage across resistor R3 = v(1.4 sec), as follows: Vc1(0) in volts= Vc1(00) in volts= Rth in ohms= Vc1(t-0.8 sec) in volts= v(t-1.4 sec) in volts= Vx w t=0 The relative tolerance for this problem is 10 %. + www R₂ Vit R3 + Vc1(t) C₁arrow_forward
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- For the circuit shown, let Let R₁-3 ohms, R2-7 ohms, C₁-2 F, VX-20 V and Ix-1 A. Calculate the capacitor voltages, as shows, at time t= (-1.3) sec and at t=1.9 sec. In particular find: V(0) = V(∞) = Rth V(t=-1.3 sec) in volts- V(t-1.9 sec) in volts- C1 HH +V(t) = - (V) (V) (S2) (V) 3 (V) Vx +1 R1 t=0 The relative tolerance for this problem is 9 %. R₂arrow_forwardIn the circuit below, the switch moves from position 1 to position 2 at t=0. Select the closest waveform which represents the inductor current: 2 R 2R V₁ t=0 0 t=0 (a) (d) t=0 (b) (e) 0 0 t=0 (c) t=0 요 (f) Note: choices are listed randomly; may not alphabetically ordered. (given during job interview question, with permission) waveform c waveform a O waveform d waveform e waveform b ○ waveform f t=0 Rarrow_forwardLet R1-8 ohms, R₂-5 ohms, L₁-2 H, Vx=10 V, in the circuit shown, to calculate the inductor current at time t= (0.6 sec) and at t= 2 sec, as follows: i(0) = 1(00) - Rth= = i(0.6 sec) = i(2 sec) = R₁ (A) (A) (N) Vx 1=0 The relative tolerance for this problem is 9 %. (A) (A) R2 ell 4₁arrow_forward
- The following circuit is at steady state for t<0. At t=0 sec, the switch opens. Let R₁=102, R₂-12 2, R3=6 2, R4-6, C=0.9 F and V₂-14 V, and find V(t) at t =2.206 sec, as follows: V(0) = (V) V(∞0) = RTh = V(2.206) = (V) (Ω) (V) {To avoid errors, and meet allowed tolerance, carry-out your intermediate numerical values as much as possible than round only the entered values to 3 significant digits} R₁ w V (+ R₂ ww + C EV(t) R3 The relative tolerance for this problem is 10 %. Question Help: Written Example I R4 www 2=0arrow_forwardPM Mon Apr 14 la800803.us.archive.org Chapter 5 Problems 199 5-8 5-9 carry generator of Fig. 5-5. Derive the two-level Boolean expression for the output carry Cs shown in the look-ahead How many unused input combinations are there in a BCD adder? 5-10 Design a combinational circuit that generated the 9's complement of a BCD digit. 5-11 Construct a 4-digit BCD adder-subtractor using four BCD adders, as shown in Fig. 5-6, and four 9's complement circuits from Problem 5-10. Use block diagrams for each compo- nent, showing only inputs and outputs. 5-12 It is necessary to design a decimal adder for two digits represented in the excess-3 code. Show that the correction after adding the two digits with a 4-bit binary adder is as fol- lows: (a) The output carry is equal to the carry from the binary adder. = (b) If the output carry 1, then add 0011. (c) If the output carry = 0, then add 1101. Construct the decimal adder with two 4-bit adders and an inverter. 5-13 Design a combinational circuit…arrow_forwardFor the circuit shown, assume the initial capacitor voltage is V(0-) = -8 V. Then at t=0, the switch closes. Find the time at which Vc(t)-8 V. Let R₁-12 S2, C1-8 F and V₂-16 V The voltage Vc(∞ )= Time-constant T= The time at which Vc(t)-8 V ist = (V) (sec) (sec) + R1 C₁ + Vct) The relative tolerance for this problem is 10 %.arrow_forward
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