
Concept explainers
A naturally occurring inorganic solid element or compound with a crystalline structure is a
a. mineral.
b. crystal.
c. rock.
d. stone.

From the following options, the naturally occurring, inorganic solid element or compound which has a crystalline structure is called:
mineral.
crystal.
rock.
stone.
Answer to Problem 1AC
Solution:
Option (a) is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Introduction:
Minerals are the part of solid materials of earth’s crust having known chemical composition and well-defined crystalline structure. The unique chemical composition and crystal structure gives it a set of physical property that is harnessed through engineering and technology to meet human needs.
Explanation:
Reason for correct option:
Minerals are obtained from the earth’s crust which is a thin layer of lighter elements on the surface. So, minerals are strictly naturally occurring.
Since the composition of minerals mostly includes any of the eight elements (Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminium, Iron, Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium). So the product is inorganic in nature.
The atoms of a mineral are arranged in a regular and repeated pattern which is called crystal structure. The uniqueness of the crystal structure gives minerals special physical and chemical features.
Note that while discussing minerals ignore organic minerals which are some rare groups of minerals chemically containing hydrocarbons.
Also, petroleum being naturally occurring and obtained from earth’s crust should not be misunderstood as mineral as it is in liquid state and it is organic in composition. It is classified as hydrocarbon.
Hence, option (a) is correct.
Reason for incorrect option:
Option (b) is incorrect because crystals can be manufactured by the process of crystallization. Crystals may exist in either solid or frozen non-crystalline state.
Option (c) is incorrect because rocks are not elements or compounds but an aggregation of minerals and other materials. The minerals may be of same type or different types. Aggregation may include materials that don’t have crystal structure.
Option (d) is incorrect as there is no major difference between a rock and stone chemically. The stones are smaller in size compared to rock.
Conclusion:
All the solid materials of earth crust that have unique chemical composition and crystal structure and have some special physical and chemical features called minerals.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Physical Science
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (4th Edition)
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology (12th Edition) (What's New in Microbiology)
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry: Structures of Life (5th Edition)
- n object is placed 37.4cm in front of a diverging lens with a focal length of 18.1 cm. Please provide your answers in units of cm if necessary. bookmark_border1.0p3a Find the image distance. Answer Updated 6 days ago Show feedback bookmark_border1.0p3b Is the image real or virtual? Real Virtual Updated 6 days ago Show feedback bookmark_border1.0p3c Suppose the object is brought to a distance of 10.3 cm in front of the lens. Where is the image now with respect to its previous location? (Note: Ensure the sign convention you use is consistent by treating all image distances on the object side of the lens as negative.) Answer Updated just now Show feedback bookmark_border1.0p3d How has the height of the image changed if the object is 84.2 cm tall? Answerarrow_forwardCan you draw a FBD and KD please!arrow_forwardIf a 120- volt circuit feeds four 40-watt fluorescent lamps, what current (in amps) is drawn if the power factor is 0.912 0.33 0.68 1.21 3.3arrow_forward
- How do you draw a diagram of the ruler and mass system in equilibrium identifying the anti-clockwise torque and clockwise torque? How do I calculate the anti-clockwise torque and the clockwise torque of the system with the ruler and the washers, does it come from the data in table 2? Please help, thank you!arrow_forwardA long, narrow steel rod of length 2.5000 m at 33.5°C is oscillating as a pendulum about a horizontal axis through one end. If the temperature drops to 0°C, what will be the fractional change in its period?arrow_forwardHow long should a pendulum be in order to swing back and forth in 1.6 s?arrow_forward
- LECTURE HANDOUT: REFRACTION OF LIGHT I. Review Each of the diagrams at right shows a ray incident on a boundary between two media. Continue each of the rays into the second medium. Using a dashed line, also draw the path that the wave would have taken if it had continued without "bending." Does the ray representing a wave "bend" toward or away from the normal when: the wave speed is smaller in the second medium? ⚫the wave speed is larger in the second medium? Faster medium Slower medium Slower medium Faster medium II. Qualitative applications of refraction A. Place a coin at the bottom of an empty can or cup. Look into the cup at the coin while your partner slowly moves the can away from you until you no longer see the coin. Now, keep your head steady while your partner gently pours water into the cup. 1. Describe your observations. Switch roles with your partner so that you each have a turn. Shown below are cross-sectional diagrams of the cup for when it was empty and when it was…arrow_forwardProblem Six. A 70 kg student in the figure balances a 1200 kg elephant on a hydraulic lift with diameter 2.0 m that is filled with oil which has a density of 900 kg/m³. How many 80 kg students would have to stand on the first piston in order to raise the elephant by 2.55 m? 80 kg 1200 kg 17.) (A) 5 (D) 8 (B) 6 (E) 9 (C) 7 Oil 2.0 m 5arrow_forwardIn the accompanying figure, the rails, connecting end pieces, and rod all have a resistance per unit length of 4.52/cm. The rod moves to the left at v = 5 m/s. If B = 0.3 T everywhere in the region, what is the current in the circuit (a) when a = 6.5 cm? (b) when a = 4 cm?arrow_forward
- Problem Twelve. An object consists of four particles: m₁ =1.0kg, m₂ = 2.0kg, m3 = 3.0kg, ma = 4.0kg. They are connected by rigid massless rods to form a rectangle of edge lengths 2a and 2b, where a 7.0 m and b = 8.0 m. The system rotates about the x-axis through the center as shown. = Find the (x, y) coordinate of the center of gravity of the object (in meters). Use the geometrical center of the object as the origin. 2a 13 2b m M2 Axis of rotation 20.) (A) (-3.2, -1.4) (B) (-3.2, 1.4) (C) (5.2, -1.4) (D) (-1.8,-1.4) (E) (3.2,-5.2) Find the moment of inertia of the object about the x-axis and y-axis that run through the geometrical center of the object. Give an answer as (Ix, ly, I) in units of 10² kg-m². 21.) (A) (6.4, 4.9, 11) (D) (9.8, 11, 12.8) (B) (4.9, 6.4, 11) (C) (11, 12.8, 9.8) (E) (2.5, 10, 11) anul babogaus al bos ano 002 maldor If the object is spinning with angular velocity of 30 rpm around the axis of rotation shown in the diagram, find the rotational kinetic energy. Give…arrow_forwardProblem Eleven. A hollow sphere with rotational inertia 1 = (2/3)MR2 is moving with speed v down an incline of angle 0 toward a spring with spring constant k. After traveling a distance d down the incline with no slipping, the sphere makes contact with the spring and compresses it a distance x before it comes momentarily to rest. Find the distance d in terms of the other quantities given. (21) 19.) (A) d=- 2Mg sin kx²-Mv² +x (B) d= 2Mg sin kx²+Mv² +x kx²-Mv² (C) d=- -x (D) d= 2Mg sin 2Mg cos kx²-Mv² 2Mg sin -x (E) d= kx²-Mv²arrow_forward1. A light bulb operates at a temperature of 4,300 K and has an emissivity of 0.600 and a surface area of 5.50 mm². How long would the light bulb have to shine on a 2.00 g piece of ice that is at -30.0°C in order to turn the ice into steam at 120°C? Assume all the energy radiated by the light bulb is absorbed by the ice while it becomes liquid and eventually steam. Give an answer in seconds. The following are specific heats for ice, water, and steam. Cice = 2,090 ***C kg kg."C Cwater = 4,186 C Csteam = 2,010 C kg"C The following are latent heats for water. L 3.33 x 10' J/kg Lv = 2.26 x 10° J/kg (A) 31.6 (B) 56.9 (C) 63.5 (D) 21.6 (E) 97.4 Suppose q; consists of three protons and 92 consists of two protons. Let q; be at the origin and q2 be located at d along the x-axis. See the diagram below. 91 92 Χ d 2. Where would the net electric potential due to these two charges be zero? (A) to the left of gi (B) to the right of 92 (D) to the right of 92, as well as to the left of gi (E) Between…arrow_forward
- An Introduction to Physical SciencePhysicsISBN:9781305079137Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningHorizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course ...PhysicsISBN:9781305960961Author:Michael A. Seeds, Dana BackmanPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning


