Physical Science
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862626
Author: Bill Tillery, Stephanie J. Slater, Timothy F. Slater
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 17QFT
What are metamorphic rocks? What limits the maximum temperatures possible in metamorphism? Explain.
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How does physics apply to these geological processes (volcanic eruptions, mountain formation, deposition)? Please explain.
Which must be true for metamorphism to occur?
A) The parent rock must be in solid form.
B) Tons of pressure must be applied.
C) The process must take place underground.
D) All the above
d) Suppose a mineral has three directions of cleavage (e.g., calcite). How many faces will a
crystal of the mineral have? Why?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Physical Science
Ch. 17 - 1. A naturally occurring inorganic solid element...Ch. 17 - 2. A structural unit that is repeated in three...Ch. 17 - 3. Which element is the most abundant in Earth’s...Ch. 17 - 4. Minerals are classified as
a. silicates.
b....Ch. 17 - 5. The most abundant class of nonsilicates is...Ch. 17 - 6. Silicates are classified into two groups based...Ch. 17 - 7. The color of a mineral when it is finely...Ch. 17 - 8. The hardness of a mineral is rated using the
a....Ch. 17 - 9. The ratio of the mineral’s density to the...Ch. 17 -
10. Molten rock material from which minerals...
Ch. 17 -
11. An aggregation of one or more minerals that...Ch. 17 -
12. Rocks that are formed from molten minerals...Ch. 17 -
13. Igneous rock that slowly cooled deep below...Ch. 17 -
14. The rock that makes up the bulk of Earth’s...Ch. 17 -
15. The rock that makes up the ocean basins and...Ch. 17 -
16. Rocks that are formed from particles of other...Ch. 17 - 17. Accumulations of silt, sand, or other...Ch. 17 - 18. Limestone and dolomite are
a. sandstone.
b....Ch. 17 - 19. Heat and pressure change rocks into
a.igneous...Ch. 17 - 20. The relationship between rocks that are...Ch. 17 - 21. The thin layer that covers Earth’s surface is...Ch. 17 - 22. Based on its abundance in Earth's crust, most...Ch. 17 - 23. The most common rock in Earth's crust is
a....Ch. 17 - 24. An intrusive igneous rock will have which type...Ch. 17 - 25. Which igneous rock would have the greatest...Ch. 17 - 26. Which of the following formed from previously...Ch. 17 - 27. Sedimentary rocks are formed by the processes...Ch. 17 - 28. The greatest extent of metamorphic changes has...Ch. 17 - 29. Which type of rock probably existed first,...Ch. 17 - 30. Earth is unique because it has
a. CO2 in its...Ch. 17 - 31. The common structural feature of all silicates...Ch. 17 - 32. The one group that is not a subgroup of the...Ch. 17 - 33. The property that is not considered useful in...Ch. 17 - 34. The specific gravity of a mineral depends on...Ch. 17 - 35. Fluorite is a mineral that floats in liquid...Ch. 17 - 36. The group that is not a class of rocks is
a....Ch. 17 - 37. The classification of rocks is based on
a....Ch. 17 - 38. An example of a sedimentary rock is
a....Ch. 17 - 39. The term that does not describe a size of...Ch. 17 - 40. Dissolved rock materials form
a. chemical...Ch. 17 - 41. An example of a metamorphic rock is
a....Ch. 17 - 42. Extrusive igneous rocks are formed on Earth’s...Ch. 17 - 43. Foliation is found in
a. sedimentary rocks.
b....Ch. 17 - Prob. 1QFTCh. 17 - Prob. 2QFTCh. 17 - 3. Explain why each mineral has its own unique set...Ch. 17 - 4. Identify at least eight physical properties...Ch. 17 - 5. Explain how the identity of an unknown mineral...Ch. 17 - 6. What is a rock?
Ch. 17 - 7. Describe the concept of the rock cycle.
Ch. 17 - Prob. 8QFTCh. 17 - 9. Which major kind of rock, based on the way it...Ch. 17 -
10. What is the difference between magma and...Ch. 17 -
11. What is meant by the “texture" of an igneous...Ch. 17 -
12. What are the basic differences between...Ch. 17 -
13. Explain why a cooled and crystallized magma...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14QFTCh. 17 -
15. What are clastic sediments? How are they...Ch. 17 -
16. Briefly describe the rock-forming process...Ch. 17 - 17. What are metamorphic rocks? What limits the...Ch. 17 - 18. Describe what happens to the minerals as shale...Ch. 17 - Prob. 19QFTCh. 17 - 1. What are the significant similarities and...Ch. 17 - 2. Is ice a mineral? Describe reasons to support...Ch. 17 - 3. If ice is a mineral, is a glacier a rock?...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4FFACh. 17 - 1. A sample of the mineral sylvite measures 2.68...Ch. 17 - 2. A rectangular crystal of calcium plagioclase...Ch. 17 - 3. A spherical specimen of the mineral quartz...Ch. 17 - 4. Geologists separate nonferromagnesian silicates...Ch. 17 - 5. Compare the mineral halite (NaCl, hardness of...Ch. 17 - 6. Mica is a sheet silicate while quartz is a...Ch. 17 - 7. Magnesite is a magnesium ore mineral and has...Ch. 17 - 8. Magnetite and hematite are iron ore minerals....Ch. 17 - 9. An iron mine has an ore deposit estimated at...Ch. 17 - 10. An ore deposit consisting of chert and...Ch. 17 -
11. For a given igneous rock type, the proportion...Ch. 17 -
12. Based on Figure 17.13, what is the average...Ch. 17 -
13. A gabbro countertop measuring 4.70 m long by...Ch. 17 -
14. A sandstone building stone measuring 50.0 cm...Ch. 17 - Prob. 15PEB
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- 1. Answer the following questions about porosity and permeability: a) Name three (3) parameters which are involved in calculation of porosity. b) Name four geological mechanisms affecting porosity values. c) Describe effect of sorting on porosity.arrow_forwardFoliated metamorphic rocks are created by a. Magma b. Direct Pressure c. Clastic Sedimentary Rocks d. Lava Flowsarrow_forwardb. Under what condition is a material or a rock mass considered to: i. Have positive Poisson’s ratio ii. Have negative Poisson’s ratio iii. Possess planar discontinuity iv. Exhibit positive deformation v. Exhibit negative deformation?arrow_forward
- 1) Distinguish between the mantle and the inner core. 2) Explain in your own words how the Earth's layers were formed. 3) Explain what cause the mantle to "flow"? 4) What are the two main metals that make up the outer and inner core?arrow_forwardM7arrow_forwardNon-Foliated metamorphic rocks are usually found near a. Glaciers b. Intrusive ingenious rock c. Oceans d. Lava Flowsarrow_forward
- 3. Draw a sketch of the Rock Cycle and describe the main processes.arrow_forwardWhich minerals have the greatest impact on your life? On your family history? If you’re a cook, it might be salt. If you love technology, it might be quartz (silicon). Maybe your grandparents were miners, or your ancestors came from a land of abundant mineral resources. Reflect on how minerals have impacted your life.arrow_forward5arrow_forward
- The origin of Earth's magnetism is due to moving charges in Earth's? A. liquid inner core B. liquid outer core C. solid inner core D. solid outer corearrow_forward250 200 150 100 50 10 20 30 40 50 VOLUME (cm') While doing laboratory work on density, a group of students collected data on the mineral pyrite. Their final graph is shown above. If a sample of pyrite has a volume of 50 cm3, what would its mass be? 250 g 175 g 200 g 10 g MASS (grams)arrow_forward13. How deep in the crust is 10 kbar? Lithostatic pressure within the crusts results from the weight of the rocks above. Assume an average density of 2750 kg/m3. Use the equation P=p*g*h or P/(p *g)=h 23kPa/m P=pressure (e.g. kbar), p=density, g-gravity 9.8 m/s2, h= depth (m), 1 kbar=1,000 bars, 1 bar=100,000 Pa, 1 Pa=kg/(m*s2), 1 kbar =100,000,000 Pa, 1 km =1000 m. Give your answer in kilometers.arrow_forward
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