The order of reaction has to be identified and the rate constant has to be calculated. Concept introduction: Order of a reaction: Order of a reaction is represented by the exponential term of the respective reactant present in the rate law and the overall order of the reaction is the sum of all the exponents of all reactants present in the chemical reaction . The order of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactants. For a reaction, If the plot drawn between concentration of reactant and time is linear, then it is a zeroth order reaction If the plot drawn between ln[reactant] and time is linear, then it is a first order reaction If the plot drawn between 1/[reactant] and time is linear, then it is a second order reaction For the zeroth and first order reaction, the graph has a negative slope whereas the graph has a positive slope for a second order reaction. Rate constant, k: The rate constant for a chemical reaction is the proportionality term in the chemical reaction rate law which gives the relationship between the rate and the concentration of the reactant present in the chemical reaction.

Question

19.78 Write the products of the following sequences of reactions. Refer to your reaction road- maps to see how the combined reactions allow you to "navigate" between the different functional groups. Note that you will need your old Chapters 6-11 and Chapters 15-18 roadmaps along with your new Chapter 19 roadmap for these. (a) 1. BHS 2. H₂O₂ 3. H₂CrO4 4. SOCI₂ (b) 1. Cl₂/hv 2. KOLBU 3. H₂O, catalytic H₂SO4 4. H₂CrO4 Reaction Roadmap An alkene 5. EtOH 6.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH 7. Mild H₂O An alkane 1.0 2. (CH3)₂S 3. H₂CrO (d) (c) 4. Excess EtOH, catalytic H₂SO OH 4. Mild H₂O* 5.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH An alkene 6. Mild H₂O* A carboxylic acid 7. Mild H₂O* 1. SOC₁₂ 2. EtOH 3.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/E:OH 5.1.0 Equiv. NaOEt 6. NH₂ (e) 1. 0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH 2. Mild H₂O* Br (f) i H An aldehyde 1. Catalytic NaOE/EtOH 2. H₂O*, heat 3. (CH,CH₂)₂Culi 4. Mild H₂O* 5.1.0 Equiv. LDA Br An ester 4. NaOH, H₂O 5. Mild H₂O* 6. Heat 7. MgBr 8. Mild H₂O* 7. Mild H₂O+

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17B.5P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The order of reaction has to be identified and the rate constant has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Order of a reaction: Order of a reaction is represented by the exponential term of the respective reactant present in the rate law and the overall order of the reaction is the sum of all the exponents of all reactants present in the chemical reaction. The order of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactants.

For a reaction,

If the plot drawn between concentration of reactant and time is linear, then it is a zeroth order reaction

If the plot drawn between ln[reactant] and time is linear, then it is a first order reaction

If the plot drawn between 1/[reactant] and time is linear, then it is a second order reaction

For the zeroth and first order reaction, the graph has a negative slope whereas the graph has a positive slope for a second order reaction.

Rate constant, k: The rate constant for a chemical reaction is the proportionality term in the chemical reaction rate law which gives the relationship between the rate and the concentration of the reactant present in the chemical reaction.

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