
(a)
Interpretation:
A source of ethanol is the reaction catalysed by
At equilibrium,
Concept Introduction:
Equilibrium constant:
The equilibrium constant of partial pressure can be defined as the ratio of products and reactants concentration at equilibrium in terms of partial pressure.
For a reaction,
The expression of
(a)

Explanation of Solution
From the given
The values are substituted in equilibrium constant expression.
(b)
Interpretation:
The highest yield of ethanol obtained at either high or low
Concept Introduction:
Le Chatelier’s principle:
Le Chatelier’s principle states that the changes in the temperature, pressure, volume and concentration of the system results in the change in system to attain new equilibrium. It is used to understand the conditions of a reaction which favours increased product formation.
Change in equilibrium due to pressure changes:
On increase in the system pressure, the equilibrium shifts towards fewer moles of gas, because, for gases,
On decrease in the system pressure, the equilibrium shifts towards more moles of gas, because, for gases,
Change in equilibrium due to temperature changes:
If the temperature is increased for the system, the equilibrium shifts away from the heat because of the reaction needs extra heat to use.
If the temperature is decreased for the system, the equilibrium shifts towards the heat because the heat needs to be produced to make up for the loss.
(b)

Explanation of Solution
The given reaction is
As the
The reaction proceeds towards products at low temperature. Heat is removed from the reaction and more yield of ethanol is obtained.
In reactants, two moles of gaseous molecules are present and in products, one mole of gaseous molecules are present. The high pressure favours the formation of ethanol as fewer moles are present.
(c)
Interpretation:
A source of ethanol is the reaction catalysed by
(c)

Explanation of Solution
Given,
The value of
(d)
Interpretation:
In
(d)

Explanation of Solution
On condensation,
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Loose Leaf for Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
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