Chapter 17, Problem 17.7VP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The spontaneous conversions are to be identified.

Concept introduction: Free energy is the unused amount of energy of the system at constant temperature and change in free energy is denoted by $\Delta G$. This helps in determining the spontaneity of the reaction. The positive value indicates reaction is non spontaneous and negative value indicates reaction is spontaneous.

The change in free energy of the reaction is calculated by the formula,

$\Delta G_{\text{rxn}}={\displaystyle \sum n_{\text{products}}\Delta G_{\text{products}}^{°}}-{\displaystyle \sum n_{\text{reactants}}\Delta G_{\text{reactants}}^{°}}$

To determine: If the given conversion is spontaneous.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: If the given conversion is spontaneous.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: If the given conversion is spontaneous.