(a) Interpretation: The mechanism for the given reactions is to be proposed. Concept introduction: A nucleophilic addition reaction involves a polar π bond which has an atom that is relatively electron-poor (i.e electrophile), so it tends to undergo the addition of a nucleophile, which is electron-rich. The most common polar π bond that participates in nucleophilic addition reactions is the one in the carbonyl ( C = O ) group. To avoid exceeding the octet on the C atom attacked by the nucleophile, the π bond is broken and the pair of electrons from the π bond becomes a lone pair on the more electronegative O atom. The immediate product of nucleophilic addition is often a strong base because it possesses a relatively unstable negative charge. Sometimes, species already present in the reaction mixture, such as the solvent, are acidic enough to protonate that product. Otherwise, we can carry out this protonation by adding an acid in a subsequent acid workup.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 17, Problem 17.36P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the given reactions is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

A nucleophilic addition reaction involves a polar π bond which has an atom that is relatively electron-poor (i.e electrophile), so it tends to undergo the addition of a nucleophile, which is electron-rich. The most common polar π bond that participates in nucleophilic addition reactions is the one in the carbonyl (C = O) group. To avoid exceeding the octet on the C atom attacked by the nucleophile, the π bond is broken and the pair of electrons from the π bond becomes a lone pair on the more electronegative O atom. The immediate product of nucleophilic addition is often a strong base because it possesses a relatively unstable negative charge. Sometimes, species already present in the reaction mixture, such as the solvent, are acidic enough to protonate that product. Otherwise, we can carry out this protonation by adding an acid in a subsequent acid workup.

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3. 2. 1. On the graph below, plot the volume of rain in milliliters versus its height in centimeters for the 400 mL beaker. Draw a straight line through the points and label it "400 mL beaker." Volume (mL) 400 350 300 250 200 150 750 mL Florence Volume Versus Height of Water 400 mL beaker 100 50 0 0 2 3 4 5 Height (cm) 6 7 8 9 10 Explain why the data points for the beaker lie roughly on a straight line. What kind of relationship is this? How do you know? (see page 276 text) the design of the beaker is a uniform cylinder the volume of liquid increases evenly with its height resulting in a linear relationship. What volume would you predict for 10.0 cm of water? Explain how you arrived at your answer. Use the data table and the graph to assist you in answering the question. 4. Plot the volume of rain in milliliters versus its height in centimeters for the 250 mL Florence flask on the same graph. Draw a best-fit curve through the points and label it "250 mL Florence flask." oke came

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In the video, we looked at the absorbance of a certain substance and how it varies depending on what wavelength of light we are looking at. Below is a similar scan of a different substance. What color BEST describes how this substance will appear? Absorbance (AU) Violet Blue Green Orange 1.2 1.0- 0.8- 0.6- 0.4- 0.2 0.0 450 500 550 600 650 700 Wavelength (nm) violet indigo blue green yellow orange red Red O Cannot tell from this information In the above graph, what causes -450 nm wavelength of light to have a higher absorbance than light with a -550 nm wavelength? Check all that are true. The distance the light travels is different The different data points are for different substances The concentration is different at different times in the experiment Epsilon (molar absortivity) is different at different wavelengths

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 17, Problem 17.36P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the given reactions is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

A nucleophilic addition reaction involves a polar π bond which has an atom that is relatively electron-poor (i.e electrophile), so it tends to undergo the addition of a nucleophile, which is electron-rich. The most common polar π bond that participates in nucleophilic addition reactions is the one in the carbonyl (C = O) group. To avoid exceeding the octet on the C atom attacked by the nucleophile, the π bond is broken and the pair of electrons from the π bond becomes a lone pair on the more electronegative O atom. The immediate product of nucleophilic addition is often a strong base because it possesses a relatively unstable negative charge. Sometimes, species already present in the reaction mixture, such as the solvent, are acidic enough to protonate that product. Otherwise, we can carry out this protonation by adding an acid in a subsequent acid workup.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 17, Problem 17.36P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the given reactions is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

A nucleophilic addition reaction involves a polar π bond which has an atom that is relatively electron-poor (i.e electrophile), so it tends to undergo the addition of a nucleophile, which is electron-rich. The most common polar π bond that participates in nucleophilic addition reactions is the one in the carbonyl (C = O) group. To avoid exceeding the octet on the C atom attacked by the nucleophile, the π bond is broken and the pair of electrons from the π bond becomes a lone pair on the more electronegative O atom. The immediate product of nucleophilic addition is often a strong base because it possesses a relatively unstable negative charge. Sometimes, species already present in the reaction mixture, such as the solvent, are acidic enough to protonate that product. Otherwise, we can carry out this protonation by adding an acid in a subsequent acid workup.

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Answer 4

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 17, Problem 17.36P

Interpretation Introduction