EBK ELEMENTARY SURVEYING
15th Edition
ISBN: 8220106714225
Author: GHILANI
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 17, Problem 17.1P
To determine
A list of methods that can be used to display relief on a map.
Expert Solution & Answer
Explanation of Solution
- Contours are the most common method used to show relief or elevation in a topo map. Contour lines are the imaginary lines that join same elevation above the mean sea level. The elevation represents the vertical height from mean sea level. Contour lines to display relief are shown in fig.1.
Fig.1
- Form lines are the approximate contours lines which do not shows the accurate elevations. Form lines are used to find the minor details in a topo map. Form lines are represented as dashed lines and it is no labeled with the representative elevations.
- Spot heights are denoted by a black dot followed by a number, which shows the accurate height of the place and the number denotes the height of the place.
- Hachures are the discontinuous parallel lines drawn along the direction of maximum slope, which does not represent the accurate elevation and is mainly used to show large, rocky outcrop areas. These lines are drawn thickly on the high slopes and thinly on the low slope.
- Layer tinting is the method of representing different elevations by means of color. A different color is used to represent each elevation. Layer tinting does not show the accurate height of the specific place.
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Students have asked these similar questions
8.2 only
5.6 A section of highway has the following flow-
density relationship q = 50k - 0.156k2 [with q in veh/h
and k in veh/mi]. What is the capacity of the highway
section, the speed at capacity, and the density when
the highway is at one-quarter of its capacity?
8.20 Two routes connect a suburban area and a city,
with route travel times (in minutes) given by the
expressions t₁ = 6 + 8(x₁/c₁) and t₂ = 10 + 3(x2/c2),
where the x's are expressed in thousands of vehicles
per hour and the c's are the route capacities in
thousands of vehicles per hour. Initially, the
capacities of routes 1 and 2 are 4000 and 2000 veh/h,
respectively. A reconstruction project on route 1
reduces the capacity to 3000 veh/h, but total traffic
demand is unaffected. Observational studies note a
35.28-second increase in average travel time on route
1 and a 68.5% increase in flow on route 2 after
reconstruction begins. User-equilibrium conditions
exist before and during reconstruction. If both routes
are always used, determine equilibrium flows and
travel times before and after reconstruction begins.
Chapter 17 Solutions
EBK ELEMENTARY SURVEYING
Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.1PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.2PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.3PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.4PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.5PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.6PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.7PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.8PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.9PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.10P
Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.11PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.12PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.13PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.14PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.15PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.16PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.17PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.18PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.19PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.20PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.21PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.22PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.23PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.24PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.25PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.26PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.27PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.28PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.29PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.30PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.31PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.32PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.33PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.34PCh. 17 - Prob. 17.35P
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