Chemistry: Principles and Practice
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780534420123
Author: Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 17.11QE
Explain why absolute entropies can be measured.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.1QECh. 17 - How is the sign of q, heat, defined? How does it...Ch. 17 - Identify the sign of the work when a fuel-oxygen...Ch. 17 - What is the sign of the work when a refrigerator...Ch. 17 - When a rocket is launched, the burning gases are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.6QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.7QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.8QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.9QECh. 17 - Explain why absolute enthalpies and energies...
Ch. 17 - Explain why absolute entropies can be measured.Ch. 17 - Under what conditions is the entropy of a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.13QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.14QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.15QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.16QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.17QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.18QECh. 17 - The free energy for a reaction decreases as...Ch. 17 - The equilibrium constant for a reaction decreases...Ch. 17 - When solid sodium acetate crystallizes from a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.22QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.23QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.24QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.25QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.26QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.27QECh. 17 - Calculate w for the following reactions that occur...Ch. 17 - How much work is done if a balloon expands from...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.30QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.31QECh. 17 - A piston initially contains 688 mL of gas at 1.22...Ch. 17 - A 220-L cylinder contains an ideal gas at a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.34QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.35QECh. 17 - For a process, w = 34 J and q = 109 J. What is E...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.37QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.38QECh. 17 - A reaction between a solid and a liquid produces...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.40QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.41QECh. 17 - When an ideal gas is compressed at constant...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.43QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.44QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.45QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.46QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.47QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.48QECh. 17 - What is the sign of the entropy change for each of...Ch. 17 - For each process, tell whether the entropy change...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.51QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.52QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.53QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.54QECh. 17 - Use the data in Appendix G to calculate the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.56QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.57QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.58QECh. 17 - Calculate G for the following reactions and state...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.60QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.63QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.64QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.65QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.66QECh. 17 - What is the sign of the standard Gibbs free-energy...Ch. 17 - What is the sign of the standard Gibbs free-energy...Ch. 17 - What is the sign of the standard Gibbs free-energy...Ch. 17 - What is the sign of the standard Gibbs free-energy...Ch. 17 - Predict the temperature at which the reaction in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.72QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.73QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.74QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.75QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.76QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.77QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.78QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.79QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.80QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.81QECh. 17 - Determine whether the condensation of nitromethane...Ch. 17 - At 298 K, G = 70.52 kJ for the reaction 2NO(g) +...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.84QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.85QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.86QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.87QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.88QECh. 17 - For each reaction, an equilibrium constant at 298...Ch. 17 - For each reaction, an equilibrium constant at 298...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.91QECh. 17 - Use the data in Appendix G to calculate the value...Ch. 17 - Suppose you have an endothermic reaction with H =...Ch. 17 - Suppose you have an endothermic reaction with H =...Ch. 17 - Suppose you have an exothermic reaction with H =...Ch. 17 - Suppose you have an exothermic reaction with H =...Ch. 17 - Calculate G and G at 303 C for the following...Ch. 17 - Calculate G and G at 37 C for the following...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.101QECh. 17 - Prob. 17.102QECh. 17 - A 220-ft3 sample of gas at standard temperature...Ch. 17 - What is the sign of the standard Gibbs free-energy...Ch. 17 - Elemental boron, in the form of thin fibers, can...Ch. 17 - Calculate the standard Gibbs free-energy change...Ch. 17 - The thermite reaction is 2Al(s) + Fe2O3(s) ...Ch. 17 - Chemists and engineers who design nuclear power...
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- For one day, keep a log of all the activities you undertake that consume Gibbs free energy. Distinguish betweenGibbs free energy provided by nutrient metabolism andthat provided by other energy resources.arrow_forwardGiven the following information at 25C, calculate G at 25C for the reaction 2A(g)+B(g)3C(g) Substance Hf(kJ/mol) S(J/molK) A(g) 191 244 B(g) 70.8 300 C(g) 197 164 a 956 kJ b 956 kJ c 346 kJ d 346 kJ e 1.03 103 kJarrow_forwardWhat is entropy? Why is entropy important?arrow_forward
- Which contains greater entropy, a quantity of frozen benzene or the same quantity of liquid benzene at the same temperature? Explain in terms of the dispersal of energy in the substance.arrow_forwardWithout looking up their standard entropies in reference tables, identify which of the following lists the materials in order of increasing entropy. (a) H2O() NaCl(s) NH3(g) (b) H2O() NH3(g) NaCl(s) (c) NaCl(s) H2O() NH3(g) (d) NH3(g) H2O() NaCl(s)arrow_forwardWhat is the sign of the standard Gibbs free-energy change at low temperatures and at high temperatures for the synthesis of ammonia? 3H2(g) + N2(g) 2NH3(g)arrow_forward
- Define the following: a. spontaneous process b. entropy c. positional probability d. system e. surroundings f. universearrow_forwardExplain how the entropy of the universe increases when an aluminum metal can is made from aluminum ore. Thefirst step is to extract the ore, which is primarily a formof A12O3, from the ground. After it is purified by freeingit from oxides of silicon and iron, aluminum oxide ischanged to the metal by an input of electrical energy. 2Al2O3(s)electricalenergy4Al(s)+3O2(g)arrow_forwardSomeone once suggested that it is impossible to unscramble a scrambled egg. Describe an unscrambled and a scrambled egg in terms of the concept of entropy.arrow_forward
- For each process, tell whether the entropy change of the system is positive or negative. (a) A glassblower heats glass (the system) to its softening temperature. (b) A teaspoon of sugar dissolves in a cup of coffee. (The system consists of both sugar and coffee.) (c) Calcium carbonate precipitates out of water in a cave to form stalactites and stalagmites. (Consider only the calcium carbonate to be the system.)arrow_forwardConsider the reaction of 2 mol H2(g) at 25C and 1 atm with 1 mol O2(g) at the same temperature and pressure to produce liquid water at these conditions. If this reaction is run in a controlled way to generate work, what is the maximum useful work that can be obtained? How much entropy is produced in this case?arrow_forwardExplain why the statement No process is 100 efficient is not the best statement of the second law of thermodynamics.arrow_forward
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