Explanation Refer Appendix D Base dissociation constant for ammonia is 1.8 × 10 − 5 . Solubility product constant, K s p for Mg ( OH ) 2 is 1.8 × 10 − 11 The chemical reaction for dissolution of Mg ( OH ) 2 is, Mg ( OH ) 2 ( s ) ⇌ Mg 2 + ( a q ) + 2 OH − ( ) ……(1) The solubility product constant expression for Mg ( OH ) 2 is, K s p = [ Mg 2 + ] [ OH − ] 2 In the reaction The inverse reaction for autoionization of water is, H + ( a q ) + OH − ( a q ) ⇌ H 2 O ( l ) given by equation (1), two moles of OH − are getting formed. Thus the above equation is multiplied by 2 and the resultant reaction is, 2H + ( a q ) + 2 OH − ( a q ) ⇌ 2H 2 O ( l ) ……(2) Ammonium chloride, NH 4 Cl is an acidic salt and undergoes dissolution as, NH 4 Cl ( s ) → NH 4 + ( a q ) + Cl − ( a q ) Ammonium thus formed undergoes dissociation as, NH 4 + ( a q ) ⇌ NH 3 ( a q ) + H + ( a q ) In the above reaction, there is just one mole of H + ions are getting formed but in the reaction given by equation (2), 2 moles of H + are getting consumed. Thus, the above equation is multiplied by 2 and the resultant reaction is, 2NH 4 + ( a q ) ⇌ 2NH 3 ( a q ) + 2 H + ( a q ) ……(3) Thus, the acid dissociation constant of ammonia is calculated by the formula, K a = K w K b Where, K a is the acid dissociation constant for NH 4 Cl . K w is the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of water. ( 1.0 × 10 − 14 ) . K b is the base dissociation constant for ammonia. Substitute the values of K w and K b in the above formula. K a = 1.0 × 10 − 14 1.8 × 10 − 5 = 5.56 × 10 − 10 The reaction between Mg ( OH ) 2 and NH 4 Cl is resultant of equations (1), (2) and (3). Thus, the balanced chemical equation for solubility of Mg ( OH ) 2 in NH 4 Cl is the sum of the above three equations and is given as, Mg ( OH ) 2 + 2 NH 4 + ( a q ) ⇌ Mg 2 + ( a q ) + 2 NH 3 ( a q ) + 2H 2 O ( l ) The multiplication of an equation by 2 gives square of its equilibrium constant and reversing it reverses the value of its equilibrium constant

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Chapter 17, Problem 102AE

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To determine: The solubility of Mg(OH)2 in 0.50 MNH4Cl .

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Chapter 17, Problem 101AE

Chapter 17, Problem 103AE

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The solubility of Mg ( OH ) 2 in 0.50 M NH 4 Cl .

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Chapter 17 Solutions