(a) Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile + NO 2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable. Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Question

There is an instrument in Johnson 334 that measures total-reflectance x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) to do elemental analysis (i.e., determine what elements are present in a sample). A researcher is preparing a to measure calcium content in a series of well water samples by TXRF with an internal standard of vanadium (atomic symbol: V). She has prepared a series of standard solutions to ensure a linear instrument response over the expected Ca concentration range of 40-80 ppm. The concentrations of Ca and V (ppm) and the instrument response (peak area, arbitrary units) are shown below. Also included is a sample spectrum. Equation 1 describes the response factor, K, relating the analyte signal (SA) and the standard signal (SIS) to their respective concentrations (CA and CIS). Ca, ppm V, ppm SCa, arb. units SV, arb. units 20.0 10.0 14375.11 14261.02 40.0 10.0 36182.15 17997.10 60.0 10.0 39275.74 12988.01 80.0 10.0 57530.75 14268.54 100.0…

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 16.9, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Most of the organic structures cannot be represented using single Lewis structure. Therefore, there exists more than one Lewis structure for representing a molecule or ion. These structures are known as resonance structures.

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There is an instrument in Johnson 334 that measures total-reflectance x-ray fluorescence (TXRF) to do elemental analysis (i.e., determine what elements are present in a sample). A researcher is preparing a to measure calcium content in a series of well water samples by TXRF with an internal standard of vanadium (atomic symbol: V). She has prepared a series of standard solutions to ensure a linear instrument response over the expected Ca concentration range of 40-80 ppm. The concentrations of Ca and V (ppm) and the instrument response (peak area, arbitrary units) are shown below. Also included is a sample spectrum. Equation 1 describes the response factor, K, relating the analyte signal (SA) and the standard signal (SIS) to their respective concentrations (CA and CIS). Ca, ppm V, ppm SCa, arb. units SV, arb. units 20.0 10.0 14375.11 14261.02 40.0 10.0 36182.15 17997.10 60.0 10.0 39275.74 12988.01 80.0 10.0 57530.75 14268.54 100.0…

A mixture of 0.568 M H₂O, 0.438 M Cl₂O, and 0.710 M HClO are enclosed in a vessel at 25 °C. H₂O(g) + C₁₂O(g) = 2 HOCl(g) K = 0.0900 at 25°C с Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of each gas at 25 °C. [H₂O]= [C₁₂O]= [HOCI]= M Σ M

What units (if any) does the response factor (K) have? Does the response factor (K) depend upon how the concentration is expressed (e.g. molarity, ppm, ppb, etc.)?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 16.9, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Most of the organic structures cannot be represented using single Lewis structure. Therefore, there exists more than one Lewis structure for representing a molecule or ion. These structures are known as resonance structures.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 16.9, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Most of the organic structures cannot be represented using single Lewis structure. Therefore, there exists more than one Lewis structure for representing a molecule or ion. These structures are known as resonance structures.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 16.9, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Most of the organic structures cannot be represented using single Lewis structure. Therefore, there exists more than one Lewis structure for representing a molecule or ion. These structures are known as resonance structures.

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Answer 5

Chapter 16.9, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Most of the organic structures cannot be represented using single Lewis structure. Therefore, there exists more than one Lewis structure for representing a molecule or ion. These structures are known as resonance structures.

Answer 6

Chapter 16.9, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Answer 7

Chapter 16.9, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Resonance structure is a blend of two or more Lewis structures. Resonance structures are represented by a double headed arrow between the structures.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Most of the organic structures cannot be represented using single Lewis structure. Therefore, there exists more than one Lewis structure for representing a molecule or ion. These structures are known as resonance structures.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: All resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile +NO2 are to be drawn. The resonance structures are to be labeled as stable or unstable.

Concept introduction: Most of the organic structures cannot be represented using single Lewis structure. Therefore, there exists more than one Lewis structure for representing a molecule or ion. These structures are known as resonance structures.

Answer 12

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Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 3P Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 4P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 5P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 6P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 9P Ch. 16.5 - Problem 18.9 Draw the product of each reaction a....Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 11P Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 12P

Solution Summary: The author explains that all resonance structures for the carbocation of given compound formed by ortho attack of the electrophile are to be drawn and labeled as stable or unstable.

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Chapter 16 Solutions