Chapter 16.7, Problem 16.7PSP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of the equilibrium constant $K°$ for the reaction, ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{Ca}}^{2+}\left(\text{aq}\right)+{\text{CO}}_3^{2-}\left(\text{aq}\right)$, has to be calculated.  The value of $K°$ has to be validated with the given data of $K_{\text{c}}$ and $K_{\text{P}}$.  Whether the reaction, ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{s}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{Ca}}^{2+}\left(\text{aq}\right)+{\text{CO}}_3^{2-}\left(\text{aq}\right)$, has $K_{\text{c}}=K_{\text{P}}$ or not has to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The Gibbs free energy of a system is defined as the enthalpy of the system minus the product of the temperature times the entropy of the system.  The Gibbs free energy of the system is a state function as it is defined in terms of thermodynamic properties that are state functions.  The Gibbs free energy of a system is directly related to the equilibrium constant of a reaction.  The symbol for the equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure is $K_p$.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of the equilibrium constant $K°$ for the reaction, ${\text{H}}_2{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{HCO}}_3^{-}\left(\text{aq}\right)+{\text{H}}^{+}\left(\text{aq}\right)$, has to be calculated.  The value of $K°$ has to be validated with the given data of $K_{\text{c}}$ and $K_{\text{P}}$.  Whether the reaction, ${\text{H}}_2{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{HCO}}_3^{-}\left(\text{aq}\right)+{\text{H}}^{+}\left(\text{aq}\right)$, has $K_{\text{c}}=K_{\text{P}}$ or not has to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of the equilibrium constant $K°$ for the reaction, $2{\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{N}}_2{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{g}\right)$, has to be calculated.  The value of $K°$ has to be validated with the given data of $K_{\text{c}}$ and $K_{\text{P}}$.  Whether the reaction, $2{\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{g}\right)\rightleftharpoons {\text{N}}_2{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{g}\right)$, has $K_{\text{c}}=K_{\text{P}}$ or not has to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).