
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Haworth projection of alpha-D-galactose and beta-D-galactose has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
A structure that is drawn in a cyclic form is known as Haworth projection. This is used to represent the substituent orientation around cyclic sugar molecule. When drawing Haworth projection, the groups that are bonded to left to the carbon chain in Fischer projection is placed above the cyclic ring and the groups that are bonded to the right to the carbon chain are placed below the cyclic ring.
In beta-D-Glucose, the hydroxyl group is placed above the ring and in alpha-D-Glucose, the hydroxyl group is placed below the ring.
(b)
Interpretation:
Haworth projection of alpha-D-ribose and beta-D-ribose has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Refer part (a).

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