Inquiry into Life
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780073525525
Author: Mader, Sylvia S./
Publisher: McGraw-Hill College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16.3, Problem 1CYP
Describe the three processes that are required for the excretion of a hypertonic urine.
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Drugs that increase urine flow (diuretic drugs) are often employed in the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) or other disease states. Three physiological categories of such drugs are ones that (i) function as loop diuretics, (ii) inhibit the action of aldosterone, and (iii) block Na+ channels in the collecting ducts. Explain why each of these categories would be expected to increase Na+ excretion and urine flow.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Inquiry into Life
Ch. 16.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 16.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 16.1 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 16.1 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 16.2 - Identify the structures of a human kidney.Ch. 16.2 - Identify the parts of a nephron and state the...Ch. 16.2 - Distinguish between glomerular filtration, tubular...Ch. 16.2 - Identify the parts of a nephron that are found in...
Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 16.2 - Summarize how the kidney uses the processes of...Ch. 16.2 - Explain where in the nephron, and by what process,...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 16.3 - Describe the three processes that are required for...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 16.3 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 16.4 - Summarize how damage to the glomeruli/nephrons can...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 16.4 - Prob. 1QTCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2QTCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 3QTCCh. 16.4 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 16.4 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 16 - Section 2.3 What determines whether a solution is...Ch. 16 - Prob. F4.3BYBCh. 16 - Prob. S11.5BYBCh. 16 - Prob. 1CSCh. 16 - Prob. 2CSCh. 16 - Prob. 3CSCh. 16 - Prob. 1ACh. 16 - Prob. 2ACh. 16 - Prob. 3ACh. 16 - Prob. 4ACh. 16 - Prob. 5ACh. 16 - Prob. 6ACh. 16 - Prob. 7ACh. 16 - Prob. 8ACh. 16 - Prob. 9ACh. 16 - Prob. 10ACh. 16 - Prob. 11ACh. 16 - Prob. 12ACh. 16 - Prob. 13ACh. 16 - Prob. 14ACh. 16 - Prob. 15ACh. 16 - Prob. 16ACh. 16 - Prob. 17ACh. 16 - Prob. 18ACh. 16 - Prob. 19ACh. 16 - Prob. 20ACh. 16 - Prob. 1TCCh. 16 - Prob. 2TC
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- Explain how the kidneys help to maintain the balance of acids and bases in extracellular fluid.arrow_forwardA urinalysis reveals that the patients urine contains glucose, hemoglobin, and white blood cells (pus). Are any of these substances abnormal in urine? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forward
- The renal handling of a novel drug is being studied. When the drug is present in the blood, it is filtered into the Bowman’s capsule and secreted via transport proteins in the renal tubules, but it is NOT reabsorbed. The lines on the following graph represent filtration, secretion and excretion rates of this drug at various plasma concentrations. For the three lines shown (labeled A-C) identify which line represents filtration, which line represents secretion, and which line represents excretion Explain how you determined this.arrow_forwardDescribe how each of the following works to regulate reabsorption and secretion, so as to affect urine volume and composition: renin-angiotensin system, aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone.arrow_forwardThe presence of either protein or glucose in a urinalysis is abnormal, but these two molecules end up in the urine for different reasons. For each of these molecules, briefly describe where in the urine production process (i.e., glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption or tubular secretion) the problem occurs, and why it might happen.arrow_forward
- Urine is not about eliminating water accumulating directly in the urinary bladder. It is instead a very sophisticated process that involves the collaboration of two systems during various phases. Discuss in great detail the urine formation steps.arrow_forwardIdentify the two buffer systems in the tubular fluid that carry excess hydrogen ions into the urine and prevent the pH from dropping too low.arrow_forwardIdentify the characteristics of a countercurrent mechanism,and explain its role in concentrating the urine.arrow_forward
- Give the 4 factors affecting the urine volume in physiological system. Explain how each factor affects the volume of urine.arrow_forwardHow would prolonged exercise affect the specific gravity of urine? Explain how this change is brought about.arrow_forwardTransport of Urine from the Kidney through the Ureters and into the Bladder. Explainarrow_forward
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