Interferon’s (IFNs) are the antiviral agents which is first discovered in 1957 by Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindenmann. Interferons are cytokines, which involve in cellular signaling between the cells to provide the immune response to the cells from the viral infections. Interferon’s (IFNs) are antiviral proteins, which show the defense activities against the various viral infections without damaging the body cells. However, the IFNs also play a major role against some acute infections such as influenza and colds. There are three types of interferon’s, which includes, 1. Alpha interferon (IFN-α) 2. Beta interferon (IFN-β) 3. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ)

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 16, Problem 9MCQ

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Interferon’s (IFNs) are the antiviral agents which is first discovered in 1957 by Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindenmann. Interferons are cytokines, which involve in cellular signaling between the cells to provide the immune response to the cells from the viral infections.

Interferon’s (IFNs) are antiviral proteins, which show the defense activities against the various viral infections without damaging the body cells. However, the IFNs also play a major role against some acute infections such as influenza and colds. There are three types of interferon’s, which includes,

1. Alpha interferon (IFN-α)

2. Beta interferon (IFN-β)

3. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ)

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption 1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration. Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable) (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip (f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo

3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug: (a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate) (b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax). (c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax). (d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.) (e)…

List substitutions in your diet you could make to improve it based on what you know now about a balanced diet. For instance, if you like to drink soda, you might substitute skim milk or water for some of the soft drinks you consumed. List the item you wish to replace with the new item and what you hope to accomplish with that substitution. Be sure to choose foods you know that you'd enjoy and you consider more "healthful." If you feel your diet is already balanced, describe how you accomplish your balanced intake and when you began eating this way.