Explanation Given info: The average rate at which solar energy reaches Earth is 960 W / m 2 . Explanation: Let I s is the intensity of the heat energy falling on the Earth. But rate varies as 1 r 2 . Write the expression for the rate at which solar energy reaches Venus. S Venus = S 0 ( r S E r S V ) 2 (1) Here, S Venus is the average rate at which solar energy reaches Venus S 0 is the average rate at which solar energy reaches Earth r S E is the mean distance sun and Earth r S V is the mean distance sun and Venus Write the expression for the rate at which solar energy reaches Mars. S Mars = S 0 ( r S E r S M ) 2 (2) Here, S Mars is the average rate at which solar energy reaches Mars r S M is the mean distance sun and Mars The mean distance sun and Venus is 108 × 10 9 m and The mean distance sun and Mars is 228 × 10 9 m . Substitute 108 × 10 9 m for r S V , 150 × 10 9 m for r S E and 960 W / m 2 for S 0 in equation (1) to get S Venus . S Venus = ( 960 W / m 2 ) ( 150 × 10 9 m 108 × 10 9 m ) 2 = 1850 W / m 2 Substitute, 228 × 10 9 m for r S M , 150 × 10 9 m for r S E and 960 W / m 2 for S 0 in equation (2) to get S Mars . S Mars = ( 960 W / m 2 ) ( 150 × 10 9 m 228 × 10 9 m ) 2 = 416 W / m 2 Since light falls only on one face of the surface always, the rate at which heat absorbed by the Planet is then cross sectional area , π R 2 times the intensity of heat energy falling on it. Write the expression for the rate at which heat energy falling on any Plant. P in = S ( π R 2 ) (3) Here, P in is the rate at which heat energy absorbed by the Planet S is the intensity of heat energy falling on it R is the radius of the Planet Write the expression for the rate at which heat energy emitted by the Planet. P out = e σ A T 4 Here, P out is the rate at which heat energy emitted by the Pluto e is the emissivity σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant A is the surface area of the Planet T is the temperature of the Planet Substitute 4 π R 2 for A in the above equation to get P out

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Human Metabolism

Being described as the most complicated machine ever encountered by humans, the human body and the cell metabolism is nothing less than a wonder. Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions within organisms.

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Chapter 16, Problem 77P

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The surface temperature of Venus and Mars and then compare it with mean measured surface temperature to check whether they are on the way to greenhouse effect or not.

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Chapter 16, Problem 76P

Chapter 16, Problem 78P

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Chapter 16 Solutions

EBK ESSENTIAL UNIVERSITY PHYSICS, VOLUM

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The surface temperature of Venus and Mars and then compare it with mean measured surface temperature to check whether they are on the way to greenhouse effect or not.

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The surface temperature of Venus and Mars and then compare it with mean measured surface temperature to check whether they are on the way to greenhouse effect or not.

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Chapter 16 Solutions