EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319159153
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 16, Problem 4SA
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
How the number of offspring per litter, of organisms with short breeding time and long breeding time compare.
Introduction:
The litter size of organisms varies to compensate for the length of the breeding period.
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In some cases, males or females do care for young of their own species that are not their own, as when certain male fish take over and protect egg masses being brooded by other males or when female ducks acquire ducklings that have just left someone else’s nest. Propose alternative hypotheses to explain this phenomenon. Under what circumstances might adoptions actually raise the caregiver’s reproductive success? Under what other circumstances might adopters help nongenetic offspring as a cost of achieving some other goal?
Don't write from any online source..
1) Many organisms have the ability to reproduce asexually as well as perform sexual reproduction.
A Scientist, John Smith, was conducting research on aphids that can undergo both methods of
reproduction. He determined the males in his population had fertilization rate of 1.8 and a relative
fitness of outcrossed offspring was 1.1.
a) What is the equilibrium frequency of males in this population?
b) Is this population stable equilibrium and why?
In most species containing individuals that are either male or female, the proportion of males and
females changes over time.
This graph shows shifting male female ratios in a wasp population over 10years.
Based on the data shown in the graph, select the statements that describe what happens whenever
one sex becomes rare or common
Percent male or female
100%
80%
60%-
40%
20%
0
Proportion of male and female wasps in a
population over a 10-year period
1
2
3
4
5 6 7
Year
Males • Females
8 9 10
When one sex becomes either more rare or more common, parents produce an equal number of sons and
daughters. The sex ratio returns to an equal number of males and females.
When one sex becomes rare, the other sex becomes common due to random fluctuations in the production of
male and female offspring. The fitness of the parents is not affected.
When one sex becomes rare, parents producing that sex have higher fitness due to a higher probability of
mating success in their offspring. The rare sex…
Chapter 16 Solutions
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