a) Introduction: Cash Flow Statements: • Cash flow statements are an integral part of the financial statements of a company. They reflect the direction and movement of the cash inflows and outflows during a reporting period. The cash inflows and outflows are segregated into the following activities: • Cash flows from Operating activities – The cash inflows refer to sales and income from operating activities and cash outflows include both cash and non-cash outflows from the operating activities i.e. the day to day activities of the business. • Cash flows from Investing activities – The cash inflows refer to sales and income from investing activities and cash outflows include cash outflows from the investing activities in the form of purchase of fixed assets and investments. • Cash flows from Financing activities – The cash inflows refer to income from financing activities such as raising share capital and debt and cash outflows include cash outflows from the financing activities in the form of dividends and interest paid. There are two methods of preparing cash flow statements: • Direct Method – It measures the actual cash inflows and cash outflows that are affected during a particular reporting period. The actual cash flows do not include non-cash items and items that are recorded owing to the accrual principle. • Indirect Method –It measures the cash inflows and cash outflows that are affected during a particular reporting period including the non-cash items and items that are recorded owing to the accrual principle. To Determine: Business Actions that can improve cash flows from operations.

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Chapter 16, Problem 3BTN

To determine

a)

Introduction:

Cash Flow Statements:

• Cash flow statements are an integral part of the financial statements of a company. They reflect the direction and movement of the cash inflows and outflows during a reporting period. The cash inflows and outflows are segregated into the following activities:

• Cash flows from Operating activities – The cash inflows refer to sales and income from operating activities and cash outflows include both cash and non-cash outflows from the operating activities i.e. the day to day activities of the business.

• Cash flows from Investing activities – The cash inflows refer to sales and income from investing activities and cash outflows include cash outflows from the investing activities in the form of purchase of fixed assets and investments.

• Cash flows from Financing activities – The cash inflows refer to income from financing activities such as raising share capital and debt and cash outflows include cash outflows from the financing activities in the form of dividends and interest paid.

There are two methods of preparing cash flow statements:

• Direct Method – It measures the actual cash inflows and cash outflows that are affected during a particular reporting period. The actual cash flows do not include non-cash items and items that are recorded owing to the accrual principle.

• Indirect Method –It measures the cash inflows and cash outflows that are affected during a particular reporting period including the non-cash items and items that are recorded owing to the accrual principle.

To Determine:

Business Actions that can improve cash flows from operations.

To determine

Ethical consequences of taking measures to improve cash flows.

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Brightstar Industries began the year with stockholders' equity of $400,000. During the year, the company recorded revenues of $600,000 and expenses of $420,000, and paid dividends of $40,000. What was Brightstar Industries' stockholders' equity at the end of the year?