Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 1TY
Which of the following is an example of an epigenetic change that alters gene expression?
- chromatin remodeling
- covalent histone modification
- localization of histone variants
- DNA methylation
- all of the above
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Epigenetic is referred to as the study of heritable alterations in the gene expression that does not include any change to the underlying deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence.
Answer to Problem 1TY
The correct answer is option (e) all of the above.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (e) all of the above. The examples of epigenetic alterations include DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, covalent histone modification, and localization histone. In the case of chromatin remodeling, the changes in the architecture of chromatin can prevent the expression of some specific genes. So, the correct answer is option (e).
Explanation for incorrect answer:
Option (a) chromatin remodeling. Chromatin remodeling is one of the examples of epigenetic change. However, DNA methylation also affects certain gene expression. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (b) covalent histone modification. Histone functions in packaging the DNA into structural units known as nucleosomes. The histone modification can prevent the expression of a gene. Moreover, chromatin remodeling also affects the expression of certain genes. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (c) localization of histone variants. The localization of histone variants affects the readability of the DNA by the cell. However, DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling also affect gene expression. So, this is an incorrect option.
Option (d) DNA methylation. The addition of the methyl group to the portion of DNA affects the expression of certain genes. However, the other examples of epigenetic alteration are chromatin remodeling, localization of histone variants, and covalent histone modification. So, this is an incorrect option.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Possible genetic modifications that can cause epigenetic changes in gene expression include:
A- all answers are correct
B- histone acetylation
C- chromatin remodeling
D- histone variant localization 
e- DNA methylation
Which of the following epigenetic changes could lead to reduced transcription of a particular gene?. Please make sure to select all correct answers
The diagram below shows the structure of DNA from the level of a gene to a condensed mitotic chromosome. At each of the four locations marked, indicate how a gene may be regulated by selecting from the choices given. Some answer choices may fit into more than one position; however, you should use each answer choice only once.
Choices given:
Alternative splicing within the gene sequence can lead to different forms of mRNA.
A promoter region can be blocked by another protein.
Histone deacetylation can prevent DNA from unwinding.
A regulatory region can be bound and increase transcription rates.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 16.1 - Which of the following is an epigenetic change...Ch. 16.2 - If you crossed an Igf 2 Igf 2- male mouse to an...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.3 - Which of the following statements regarding...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1BC
Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 16.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16.6 - Genes that are linked do not conform to Mendels...Ch. 16 - Which of the following is an example of an...Ch. 16 - In mice, the allele of the Igf2 gene that is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYCh. 16 - The marking process for genomic imprinting...Ch. 16 - According to Mary Lyons hypothesis, the patchwork...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6TYCh. 16 - Prob. 7TYCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYCh. 16 - Prob. 9TYCh. 16 - Prob. 10TYCh. 16 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 16 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Match each example of mutation to the correct effect on function. Hypomorphic mutation Hypermorphic mutation Antimorphic mutation Neomorphic A deletion results in the loss of part of a protein and the protein retains some of its normal activity. A mutant allele makes a protein with increased cataytic activity. A mutant form of a transcription factor binds new DNA sequences to activate different genes. A mutant from of a receptor protein interferes with the function of the wild-type receptor through heterodimerization.arrow_forwardHeritable effects of gene expression that are not caused by a change in DNA sequence are called epigenic changes. What causes these changes?arrow_forwardYou discover a histone variant that has more positive charge than conventional histone proteins. What effect do you predict this histone variant would have when it is inserted into chromatin? A decrease in the strength of histone-DNA interaction, making chromatin less condensed and increasing gene expression An increase in the strength of histone-DNA interaction, making chromatin less condensed and decreasing gene expression An increase in the strength of histone-DNA interaction, making chromatin more condensed and decreasing gene expression O A decrease in the strength of histone-DNA interaction, making chromatin less condensed and decreasing gene expressionarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms that operate in eukaryotic organisms? transcriptional-level control processing-level control translational level-control replication-level controlsarrow_forwardSince all cells contain the same number of chromosomes and the overall same/similar genome how would the genome in a nerve cell work differently than the genome of a muscle cell? In other words what epigenetic processes cause these differences between cell types at the molecular levelarrow_forwardBase on your knowledge of DNA, chromosomes and epigenetics and upon examining the picture below, name two epigenetic factors and at least one non-epigenetic factor present on this picture. [HINT: which of the factors shown on the picture do you expect to change based on the interactions with an environment and which you expect unchanged?] Methyl Group DNA Chromatin Epigenetic Factor Histone Histone Tails Chromosomearrow_forward
- The following image shows the 'beads-on-a-string' model of DNA and the effects of histone modification on chromatin structure. What effect does histone acetylation have on Gene 1? Gene 1 De-acetylation Acetylation Ac Ac Gene 1 Ac Ac Ac O Acetylation increases expression of Gene 1 O Acetylation decreases expression of Gene 1 O Acetylation causes a mutation in Gene 1 O There is no way to tell from this figurearrow_forwardHeterochromatin is chromatin that is very compact, containing genes that are silenced. What epigenetic modifications might you find in heterochromatin?arrow_forwardWhich of these epigenetic changes could lead to reduced transcription of a particular gene? Please make sure to select all correct answer options. decreasing acetylation of histones associated with the nucleosomes of that gene inducing histone modifications that allow the formation of denser nucleosomes in the regulatory region of the gene Oincreasing acetylation of histones associated with the nucleosomes of that gene repositioning the nucleosomes associated to the gene to expose the enhancer and promoter DNA of the gene Uremoving histones to expose the enhancer and promoter DNA of the genearrow_forward
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